Pengaruh efikasi diri pengambilan keputusan karier terhadap career indecision pada mahasiswa tingkat akhir di Kota Malang

INDONESIA:

Mahasiswa tingkat akhir berada pada masa transisi dari pendidikan tinggi menuju dunia kerja, studi lanjut, pendidikan profesi, atau pengembangan diri lainnya. Pada fase ini, mahasiswa dituntut menentukan arah karier secara matang. Namun, sebagian mahasiswa masih mengalami keraguan, kebingungan, dan kesulitan dalam menentukan pilihan karier. Salah satu faktor psikologis yang diduga berperan menurunkan kebimbangan karier adalah efikasi diri pengambilan keputusan karier atau Career Decision-Making Self-Efficacy (CDMSE).
Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui tingkat CDMSE, tingkat Career Indecision, serta menguji pengaruh CDMSE terhadap Career Indecision pada mahasiswa tingkat akhir di Kota Malang. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan desain survei. Responden penelitian berjumlah 357 mahasiswa tingkat akhir dari Universitas Brawijaya, Universitas Negeri Malang, UIN Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang, dan Politeknik Negeri Malang. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan snowball sampling. Pengumpulan data menggunakan Career Decision Self-Efficacy Scale Short Form (CDSE-SF) untuk mengukur CDMSE dan Career Decision-Making Difficulties Questionnaire (CDDQ) untuk mengukur Career Indecision. Uji validitas instrumen dilakukan menggunakan Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) dengan kriteria standardized factor loading ≥ 0,30 dan nilai signifikansi p < 0,05. Hasil uji reliabilitas menunjukkan bahwa skala CDSE-SF memiliki nilai Cronbach’s Alpha sebesar 0,747 dan skala CDDQ sebesar 0,848, yang menunjukkan bahwa kedua instrumen memiliki konsistensi internal yang baik dan reliabel. Analisis data dilakukan melalui analisis deskriptif, uji asumsi, dan regresi linear sederhana dengan bantuan JASP.
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa CDMSE mahasiswa sebagian besar berada pada kategori tinggi, yaitu 331 mahasiswa atau 92,7%. Career Indecision sebagian besar berada pada kategori rendah, yaitu 183 mahasiswa atau 51,3%. Hasil regresi linear sederhana menunjukkan bahwa CDMSE berpengaruh negatif dan signifikan terhadap Career Indecision (F = 27,13, p < 0,001, B = -0,323, β = -0,266, dan R² = 0,071). Artinya, semakin tinggi efikasi diri mahasiswa dalam mengambil keputusan karier, semakin rendah kebimbangan karier yang dialami. CDMSE memberikan kontribusi sebesar 7,1% terhadap Career Indecision, sedangkan sisanya dipengaruhi faktor lain di luar penelitian. Dengan demikian, penguatan kemampuan menilai diri, mencari informasi karier, menetapkan tujuan, menyusun rencana, dan memecahkan masalah karier penting untuk membantu mahasiswa menentukan arah karier secara matang.

ENGLISH:

Final-year students are in a transitional period from higher education to the world of work, further study, professional education, or other forms of self-development. In this phase,
students are required to determine their career direction maturely. However, some students still experience doubt, confusion, and difficulty in determining career choices. One
psychological factor that is assumed to play a role in reducing Career Indecision is career decision-making self-efficacy or Career Decision-Making Self-Efficacy (CDMSE). This
study aims to determine the level of CDMSE, the level of Career Indecision, and to examine the effect of CDMSE on Career Indecision among final-year students in Malang
City.
This study used a quantitative approach with a survey design. The research respondents consisted of 357 final-year students from Universitas Brawijaya, Universitas Negeri
Malang, UIN Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang, and Politeknik Negeri Malang. The sampling technique used was snowball sampling. Data collection used the Career Decision
Self-Efficacy Scale Short Form (CDSE-SF) to measure CDMSE and the Career Decision-Making Difficulties Questionnaire (CDDQ) to measure Career Indecision. The validity of
the instruments was tested using Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) with standardized factor loading criteria of ≥ 0.30 and statistical significance at p < 0.05. The reliability
analysis showed that the CDSE-SF scale had a Cronbach’s Alpha coefficient of 0.747, while the CDDQ scale had a Cronbach’s Alpha coefficient of 0.848, indicating good
internal consistency and that both instruments were reliable. Data analysis was conducted through descriptive analysis, assumption testing, and simple linear regression with the
assistance of JASP.
The results showed that most students’ CDMSE was in the high category, namely 331 students or 92.7%. Career Indecision was mostly in the low category, namely 183 students
or 51.3%. The results of simple linear regression showed that CDMSE had a negative and significant effect on Career Indecision (F = 27.13, p < 0.001, B = -0.323, β = -0.266, and
R² = 0.071). This means that the higher students’ self-efficacy in making career decisions, the lower the Career Indecision they experience. CDMSE contributed 7.1% to Career
Indecision, while the remaining percentage was influenced by other factors outside this study. Thus, strengthening the ability to appraise oneself, seek career information, set goals,
make plans, and solve career problems is important to help students determine their career direction maturely.