Hubungan antara jenis, kombinasi, kepatuhan minum obat anti-hipertensi, dan dukungan keluarga dengan keberhasilan kontrol tekanan darah pada pasien Badan Penyelenggara Jaminan Sosial Kesehatan di Puskesmas Batu

INDONESIA:

Hipertensi merupakan masalah kesehatan utama dengan prevalensi tinggi di Indonesia dan berisiko menimbulkan komplikasi kardiovaskular serius, di mana meskipun terapi obat dan perubahan gaya hidup dapat menurunkan risiko, angka hipertensi tidak terkontrol tetap tinggi sehingga kepatuhan pasien, dukungan keluarga, serta akses melalui asuransi kesehatan seperti BPJS menjadi faktor penting dalam keberhasilan kontrol tekanan darah. Penelitian ini bertujuan menilai adanya hubungan antara jenis, kombinasi, kepatuhan minum obat anti-hipertensi, dan dukungan keluarga dengan keberhasilan kontrol tekanan darah pada pasien BPJS di Puskesmas Batu. Penelitian ini merupakan studi kuantitatif dengan data diperoleh dari rekam medis pasien dan kuesioner Januari–September 2025; sebanyak 2114 pasien BPJS terdiagnosis hipertensi selama 1 tahun terakhir sehingga sampel dihitung dengan rumus Slovin toleransi kesalahan 10% dan didapatkan jumlah sampel 100. Dari 126 responden, mayoritas berusia 55–65 tahun (31,7%), perempuan (78,6%), berpendidikan SMA (34,1%), bekerja sebagai ibu rumah tangga (40,5%), berpendapatan <Rp500.000 (46%), dan mengalami obesitas II (61,9%); sebagian besar merupakan peserta BPJS kelas 3 (91,3%) dengan pembiayaan PBI (81%) serta telah menderita hipertensi >2 tahun (66,7%), dan sebanyak 83,3% memiliki hipertensi terkontrol. Obat yang paling banyak digunakan adalah golongan calcium channel blocker (60,3%) dengan terapi tunggal (76,2%), sedangkan kepatuhan minum obat mayoritas kategori sedang (50%) dan dukungan keluarga terbanyak kategori sedang (81,7%). Hasil analisis menunjukkan tidak terdapat hubungan signifikan antara jenis obat, kombinasi obat, maupun dukungan keluarga dengan kontrol tekanan darah, namun terdapat hubungan kuat dan signifikan antara kepatuhan minum obat dengan kontrol tekanan darah (r=0,637; p=0,000), sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa kepatuhan minum obat berhubungan signifikan terhadap kontrol tekanan darah pada pasien BPJS penderita hipertensi di Puskesmas Batu.

ENGLISH:

Background: Hypertension is a major health problem with a high prevalence in Indonesia and carries a risk of serious cardiovascular complications. Although drug therapy and lifestyle changes can reduce the risk, the rate of uncontrolled hypertension remains high. Patient compliance, family support, and access through health insurance such as BPJS are important factors in the success of blood pressure control. Therefore, further research is needed to assess the influence of medication, adherence, and family support on BPJS participants with hypertension. Objective: To assess the relationship between the type, combination, adherence to antihypertensive medication, and family support with the success of blood pressure control in patients of the Social Security Administration Agency for Health (BPJS) at the Batu Community Health Center. Methods: This study is a quantitative study. Data were obtained from patient medical records and questionnaires from January to September 2025. A total of 2,114 BPJS patients diagnosed with hypertension in the past year were included in the study. The sample size was calculated using the Slovin formula with a 10% margin of error, resulting in a sample size of 100. The relationship was analyzed non-parametrically using Spearman's test and contingency coefficients. Results: Of the 126 respondents, the majority were aged 55–65 years (31.7%), female (78.6%), high school educated (34.1%), housewives (40.5%), with an income <Rp500,000 (46%), and obese II (61.9%). Most were BPJS class 3 participants (91.3%) with PBI financing (81%) and had suffered from hypertension for >2 years (66.7%). A total of 83.3% of respondents had controlled hypertension. The most commonly used drug was calcium channel blocker (60.3%) with single therapy (76.2%). The majority of respondents had moderate medication adherence (50%) and moderate family support (81.7%). Analysis showed no significant relationship between medication type, medication combination, or family support and blood pressure control, but there was a strong and significant relationship between medication adherence and blood pressure control (r=0.637; p=0.000). Conclusion: Medication adherence has a significant relationship with blood pressure control in BPJS patients with hypertension at the Batu Community Health Center.