Efek ekstrak etanol daun dandang gendis (Clinacanthus Nutans) terhadap kadar Superoxide Dismutase (SOD) pada Hepar tikus model Diabetes Melitus

INDONESIA

Diabetes Melitus (DM) merupakan salah satu faktor resiko penyakit hepar. Kerusakan hepar dapat terjadi akibat hiperglikemia menyebabkan penurunan kadar antioksidan dan meningkatkan radikal bebas. Pada kasus DM, antioksidan endogen yang mengalami penurunan di hepar salah satunya adalah superoxide dismutase (SOD). Daun *Clinacanthus nutans* mengandung beberapa senyawa metabolit diantaranya flavonoid, steroid atau triterpenoid, tanin, fenol, quinon, dan saponin yang dapat meningkatkan antioksidan endogen. Tujuan dilakukannya penelitian ini untuk mengetahui efek ekstrak etanol daun *Clinacanthus nutans* terhadap kadar superoxide dismutase (SOD) pada hepar tikus model diabetes melitus. Hewan coba diinduksi diabetes melitus menggunakan Streptozotocin (STZ) dosis 45 mg/kgBB. Sebanyak 30 ekor tikus dibagi menjadi lima kelompok perlakuan. Kelompok kontrol normal (K1) tidak diberi perlakuan, kelompok kontrol diabetes melitus (K2) diinjeksi STZ, kelompok P1, P2, dan P3 adalah kelompok perlakuan yang diinjeksi STZ dan ekstrak etanol *Clinacanthus nutans* dosis berturut-turut 100 mg/kgBB, 200 mg/kgBB, dan 400 mg/kgBB. Hari ke-35 tikus diterminasi dan supernatan jaringan hepar dihitung kadar SOD menggunakan spektrofotometer UV-Vis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan perbedaan yang signifikan (p < 0,05) pemberian ekstrak etanol daun *Clinacanthus nutans* terhadap kadar SOD hepar tikus yang diinduksi STZ. Kesimpulan penelitian ini, pemberian ekstrak etanol daun *Clinacanthus nutans* berpengaruh terhadap peningkatan kadar SOD hepar tikus yang diinduksi STZ. Dosis 400 mg/kgBB merupakan ekstrak etanol daun *Clinacanthus nutans* yang paling signifikan. Persentase peningkatan kadar SOD hepar mencapai 23,23%.

ENGLISH

Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a risk factor for liver disease. Liver damage occur because hyperglycemia will decrease antioxidant levels and increase free radicals. One of the endogenous antioxidants that has decreased in the liver is superoxide dismutase (SOD). *Clinacanthus nutans* leaf contain several metabolites including flavonoids, steroids or triterpenoids, tannins, phenols, quinones and saponins that can increase endogenous antioxidants. The aim of this study to determine the effect of giving ethanol extract of *Clinacanthus nutans* leaf on increase liver superoxide dismutase (SOD) levels of diabetic rat models. Experimental animals induced diabetes mellitus using Streptozotocin (STZ) dose 45 mg/kgBW with a total of 30 rats divided into five groups. The normal control group (K1) was not treated, the diabetes mellitus control group (K2) was injected with STZ, groups P1, P2, and P3 were the treatment groups that were injected with STZ and ethanol extract of *Clinacanthus nutans* leaf with a successive dose of 100 mg/kgBW, 200 mg/kgBW, and 400 mg/kgBW. On day 35 the rats were terminated and supernatant of liver tissue was measured for SOD levels using a UV-Vis spectrophotometer. The results showed a significant difference (p <0.05) in the administration ethanol extract of *Clinacanthus nutans* leaf for 28 days on the liver SOD levels of rats induced by STZ. The conclusion of this study, giving ethanol extract of *Clinacanthus nutans* leaf for 28 days had an effect on liver SOD levels of rats induced by STZ. The dose of 400 mg/kgBB is the most significant ethanol extract of *Clinacanthus nutans* leaves. The percentage increase in hepatic SOD levels reached 23.23%.