Epistemologi Psikoanalisis Sigmund Freud Periode Klasik

ABSTRACT

Psychoanalysis can be called as branch of psychology which has influence is reflected from the Erich Fromm statement. Fromm argued that Sigmund Freud, as a founding father of psychoanalysis as a modem world architec instead of Einstein and Karl Marx. On the other hand, Freud was considered as a philosopher who made an epistemology of his theories. Many psychologists consider that psychoanalysis a subjective and nonscientific science. And Hans Kung show that Freud٠s foundation epistemology based on physics-physiology principles.

Epistemology problems of Freud’s psychoanalysis do not only finish at there era. Contemporary philosopher still against Freud’s epistemology foundation. Structuralism philosopher, Jacques Lacan called that Freud used impossible scientific project. According to Lacan, Freud want to change unconscious with ego. But, ego is form of unconscious it self. Poststructuralist philosopher, Jacques Derrida called that Freud emphasized on logocentrism.

Feminism and cultural studies called Freud’s epistemology foundation as phallocentrism and based on centrum، Based on those epistemology problems, the writer sense the importance of researching and investigating Freud’s psychoanalysis epistemology.

The writer examines this study by using factual historic model. Thus, the writer will follow Sigmund Freud’s thought structure and point of view in order to find out the answers based on the problems of the study.

In accordance with problems of the study, the writer finds: first, method used to formulate psychoanalysis theories in classic period is self psychoanalysis therapy which consists of hypnosis, preasure technique, free association, interpretation of dreams, self analysis, transference analysis and Parapractice analysis. Second, the natures or origin of psychoanalysis in classic period come from patients’ information, self analysis result of Sigmund Freud and analysis result of literary works. Thirds the thought structures of Sigmund Freud in formulating psychoanalysis theories in classic period are verification, verification-negation, centralistic, evolutionistic, deterministic, binary opposition, generalist, and rasionalism.