Kurniawati, Dian (2012) Pengawetan Ikan Kembung (Rastrellinger Brachysoma Blkr.) menggunakan Kombinasi Ekstrak Akuades Daun Belimbing Wuluh (Averrhoa Bilimbi L.) dengan Garam Nacl. Undergraduate thesis, Universitas Islam Negeri Maulana Malik Ibrahim.
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Abstract
ABSTRAK
Ikan Kembung (Rastrellinger brachysoma Blkr) merupakan ikan yang mengandung protein tinggi, tetapi ikan hanya memiliki umur simpan sekitar 3-4 jam sehingga memerlukan teknik pengawetan dengan bahan alami untuk meminimalkan kerusakan pada ikan Kembung segar. Salah satu alternatif pengawetan alami adalah dengan menambahkan kombinasi ekstrak akuades daun belimbing wuluh (Averrhoa bilimbi L.) dengan garam NaCl. Dalam al Quran pengawetan ikan disebutkan dalam surat al Maa’idah ayat 96. Ekstrak akuades terdapat senyawa flavonoid dan tanin yang bersifat anti bakteri sehingga dapat berperan dalam pengawetan ikan. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pengaruh kombinasi ekstrak akuades daun belimbing wuluh dengan garam NaCl dalam pengawetan ikan melalui sifat kimia, mikrobiologi dan sifat fisik ikan hasil perlakuan.
Pengawetan ikan kembung dilakukan dengan kombinasi ekstrak akuades daun belimbing wuluh dengan garam. Analisis dilakukan selama 3 hari yaitu pada hari ke-0,1,3. Perbandingan kombinasi ekstrak akuades daun belimbing wuluh dengan garam yang digunakan (0:6), (1:5), (2:4), (3:3), (4:2), (5:1) dan (6:0). Ekstraksi daun belimbing wuluh dilakukan dengan metode maserasi dengan pelarut akuades. Ekstrak kasar diuji fitokimia dengan penambahan reagen. Analisis mikrobiologinya menggunakan TPC (Total Plate Count), kemudian kadar air dianalisis dengan metode thermogravimetri dan kadar protein kasarnya menggunakan metode Kjeldahl. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis menggunakan Anova two way kemudian dilanjutkan dengan uji BNT. Uji organoleptik menggunakan uji Friedmen.
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak kasar akuades daun belimbing wuluh mengandung senyawa tanin dan flavonoid. Ikan hasil perlakuan dengan perendaman kombinasi ekstrak akuades daun belimbing wuluh dengan garam NaCl yang memenuhi standar SNI-01- 2717-1992 sifat kimia dengan kadar air antara (70,52 - 82,74 %), kadar protein kasar antara (17,92 - 22,68%), sedangkan total bakterinya antara (2,1x105 - 4,2x105 cfu/g), yang memenuhi standart SNI pada hari ke-0 dan ke-1. Nilai organoleptik semakin hari semakin menurun.
ABSTRACT
Mackerel (Rastrelliger brachysoma Blkr) is a fish that contain high protein, but the fish only have a shelf life of about 3-4 hours so that the required preservation techniques with natural ingredients that can minimize the damage to the fresh fish. One of the natural preservation by adding a combination of distilled water extract of leaves of starfruit wuluh (Averrhoa billimbi L.) with NaCl salt. In the Quran about the preservation of fish is in the surat al Mâ'idah ayat 96. Distilled water extract and tannin are flavonoid compounds that have anti- bacterial, so that it can play a role in the preservation of fish. The purpose of this study to determine the effect of combination of distilled water extract of leaves of starfruit with salt NaCl in the preservation of fish through chemical properties, microbiological and physical properties of the treated fish.
Preservation research mackerel with a combination of distilled water extract of leaves of starfruit wuluh with salt. Analyses were performed for 3 days is on day 0, 1, 3. Starfruit leaves using the extraction method of maceration with solvent distilled water. Comparison of combination of distilled water extract of leaves of starfruit wuluh with salt used (0:6), (1:5), (2:4), (3:3), (4:2), (5:1) and (6: 0). Crude extract phytochemicals tested using reagents. Microbiological analysis using TPC (Total Plate Count), then the water content was analyzed by the method of thermogravimetri, and crude protein content using the Kjeldahl method. The data were analyzed using two way ANOVA followed by BNT. Organoleptic tests using test Friedmen.
The results showed that the crude extract of distilled water starfruit wuluh leaves contain tannin and flavonoid compounds. Fish treated with a combination of extracts distilled water immersion starfruit wuluh leaves with NaCl salt that meets ISO standards 01-2717-1992 chemical properties of is water content between (70.52% -82.74%), crude protein content between (17.92% - 22.68%), whereas the total bacteria (2.1 X105-4, 2x105 cfu / g) and organoleptic characteristics (eye color, smell and texture) the day the judgment of the fish declined treatment. Fish treatment lasts only a day.
Item Type: | Thesis (Undergraduate) | |||||||||
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Supervisor: | Hayati, Elok Kamilah and Barizi, Ahmad | |||||||||
Contributors: |
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Keywords: | ikan Kembung; pengawet alami; daun belimbing wuluh; TPC (Total Plate Count); kadar air; kadar protein; organoleptik; mackerel; natural preservatives; starfruit wuluh leaves; TPC (Total Plate Count); moisture content; protein content; organoleptic | |||||||||
Departement: | Fakultas Sains dan Teknologi > Jurusan Kimia | |||||||||
Depositing User: | Koko Prasetyo | |||||||||
Date Deposited: | 06 Apr 2023 09:21 | |||||||||
Last Modified: | 06 Apr 2023 09:21 | |||||||||
URI: | http://etheses.uin-malang.ac.id/id/eprint/49151 |
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