Hidayati, Nurul (2013) Pengaruh Konsentrasi dan lama perendaman dalam ekstrak kasar Tanin daun Belimbing Wuluh (Averrhoa bilimbi L.) dan Garam (NaCl) dalam menghambat Bakteri pada Ikan Kembung (Rastrelliger brachysoma). Undergraduate thesis, Universitas Islam Negeri Maulana Malik Ibrahim.
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Abstract
ABSTRAK
Daun belimbing wuluh dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai penghambat pertumbuhan bakteri karena mengandung senyawa tanin. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui konsentrasi terbaik ekstrak kasar tanin dan garam (NaCl), lama perendaman terbaik sebagai penghambat bakteri pada ikan kembung serta mengetahui kualitas ikan kembung setelah perendaman pada konsentrasi dan lama perendaman terbaik dalam ekstrak kasar tanin dan garam (NaCl).
Ekstraksi senyawa aktif dilakukan dengan metode maserasi menggunakan pelarut aseton:aquades (7:3). Ekstrak kasar tanin diujikan pada ikan kembung dengan variasi konsentrasi ekstrak kasar tanin dan garam (NaCl) yaitu (0,00 : 2,00) g/50 mL; (1,00 : 2,00) g/50 mL; 1,50 : 2,00) g/50 mL; (2,00 : 2,00) g/50 mL; (2,50 : 2,00) g/50 mL; (3,00 : 2,00) g/50 mL dan variasi lama perendaman selama 2, 4, 6, dan 8 jam. Ikan kembung disimpan selama 0, 12, 24, 36, dan 48 jam, dilakukan dua kali pengulangan. Jumlah bakteri dihitung dengan menggunakan metode total plate count (TPC). Ikan dengan jumlah bakteri terkecil kemudian dianalisis kadar air, kadar abu, kadar protein kasar, kadar lemak dan DHA serta uji organoleptik.
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa rendemen ekstrak kasar tanin daun belimbing wuluh adalah 11,65 %. Berdasarkan analisis total bakteri diperoleh konsentrasi terbaik ekstrak kasar tanin dan garam (NaCl) adalah (3,00 : 2,00) g/50 mL, dan lama perendaman terbaik adalah 4 jam. Selama penyimpanan jam ke-0, 12, 24, 36 dan 48, ikan kembung dengan perlakuan terbaik memiliki nilai TPC antara 0,6 x 108 – 1,02 x 109 cfu/g. Nilai TPC untuk semua perlakuan tidak memenuhi standar SNI 01-2346-2006 untuk kategori ikan segar karena > 5 x 105 cfu/g. Kadar air sebesar 73,86 %; 73,31 %; 73,98 %; 75,78 %; dan 76,20 %. Kadar abu sebesar 4,11 %; 4,09 %; 3,98 %; 3,95 %; dan 3,50 %. Kadar protein kasar sebesar 19,66 %; 19,28 %; 19,16 %; 18,84 %; dan 18,01 %. Ikan kembung hasil perlakuan terbaik pada lama penyimpanan 12 jam memiliki kadar lemak 6,23 % dan kadar DHA 7,57 % dari total asam lemak ikan kembung. Nilai organoleptik mengalami penurunan selama masa penyimpanan.
ABSTRACT
Cucumber tree leaves can be exploited as bacterium growth inhibitor because containing tannins compound. The aims of this research is to know the best concentration crude tannin extract and salt (NaCl), the best soaking time as bacterial growth inhibitor at mackerel and also to know mackerel quality after soaked into crude tannin extract and salt (NaCl) at the best concentration and soaking time.
Active compound extraction conducted with maceration method using aceton : aquades (7 : 3) as a solvent. Crude tannin extract assayed to mackerel with variation of crude tannin extract and salt (NaCl) that were (0.00 : 2.00) g/50 mL; (1.00 : 2.00) g/50 mL; (1.50 : 2.00) g/50 mL; (2.00 : 2.00) g/50 mL; (2.50 : 2.00) g/50 mL; (3.00 : 2.00) g/50 mL and soaking time variation at 2, 4, 6, and 8 hours. Mackerel kept during 0, 12, 24, 36, and 48 hours, conducted twice repetition. Amount of bacteria counted by using total plate count (TPC). Mackerel with the smallest amount bacteria then analyzed moisture contain, ash contain, crude protein contain, fat contain, DHA contain and also organoleptic test.
Result of this research indicated that the yield of crude tannins extract from cucumber tree leaves was 11.65 %. Based on total bacteria amount analysis the best concentration of crude tannin extract and salt (NaCl) was (3.00 : 2.00) g/50 mL, and the best soaking time was 4 hours. During kept at 0, 12, 24, 36 and 48 hours, mackerel with the best treatment has range bacteria amount between 0,6 x 108 – 1,02 x 109 cfu/g. The value of TPC for all of the treatment do not fulfill standard of SNI 01-2346-2006 for fresh fish because more than 5 x 105 cfu/g. Moisture contain were 73.86 %; 73.31 %; 73.98 %; 75.78 % and 76.20 %. Ash contain were 4.11 %; 4.09 %; 3.98 %; 3.95 % and 3.50 %. Crude protein contain were 19.66 %; 19.28 %; 19.16 %; 18.84 % and 18.01 %. Mackerel result of the best treatment at depository time 12 hours has fatty contain 6.23 % and DHA contain was 7.57 % from all of the fatty acids contain in mackerel. The value of organoleptic test kept decreasing during depository time.
Item Type: | Thesis (Undergraduate) | |||||||||
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Supervisor: | Hayati, Elok Kamilah and Nashichuddin, Achmad | |||||||||
Contributors: |
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Keywords: | lama perendaman; daun belimbing wuluh; garam (NaCl); menghambat bakteri; ikan kembung; soaking time; cucumber tree leaf; salt (NaCl); bacteria inhibitor; mackerel | |||||||||
Departement: | Fakultas Sains dan Teknologi > Jurusan Kimia | |||||||||
Depositing User: | Nada Auliya Sarasawitri | |||||||||
Date Deposited: | 04 Apr 2023 10:55 | |||||||||
Last Modified: | 04 Apr 2023 10:55 | |||||||||
URI: | http://etheses.uin-malang.ac.id/id/eprint/49115 |
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