Lilia, Novi (2011) Sintesis dan Karakterisasi Sabun Tembaga dari Minyak Kelapa Sawit Melalui Reaksi Trans- Saponifikasi Sabun Barium. Undergraduate thesis, Universitas Islam Negeri Maulana Malik Ibrahim.
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Abstract
ABSTRAK
Sabun dibuat dengan cara mereaksikan asam lemak dengan larutan alkali, yang disebut reaksi saponifikasi. Seiring dengan kemajuan ilmu pengetahuan dan teknologi maka konsep tentang sabun menjadi berkembang, sehingga mulai dikenal sabun dari logam transisi seperti tembaga yang pembuatannya melalui reaksi trans- saponifikasi, yaitu pengubahan dari sabun hasil reaksi saponifikasi (sabun barium) menjadi sabun hasil trans-saponifikasi (sabun tembaga) yang valensinya lebih tinggi. Oleh sebab itu, sabun hasil saponifikasi akan memilki sifat yang berbeda dengan sabun hasil trans-saponifikasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui karakteristik sabun barium yang disintesis melalui reaksi saponifikasi minyak kelapa sawit dengan Ba(OH)2 dan karakteristik sabun tembaga yang disintesis melalui reaksi trans-saponifikasi sabun barium dengan garam CuCl2.2H2O.
Penelitian ini mencakup empat tahap yaitu: (1) sintesis sabun barium dari minyak kelapa sawit, (2) Sintesis sabun tembaga melalui reaksi trans-saponifikasi dengan sabun barium, (3) karakterisasi sidik jari meliputi penentuan jenis unsur penyusun dengan XRD, penentuan kation logam dengan XRF, karakterisasi warna nyala, (4) uji sifat fisik meliputi penentuan titik leleh, penentuan kelarutan dan uji densitas.
Hasil penelitian ini adalah sabun barium yang dihasilkan berwarna putih, memilki rendemen sebesar 93,05%, memilki titik leleh 240-242°C, larut dalam gliserol:n-butanol, densitasnya sebesar 0,8 g/mL dan warna nyalanya adalah kuning pucat, analisa hasil XRD mengindikasikan dua senyawa barium yang memiliki kemiripan dengan Ba-karboksilat adalah Ba(OH)2(H2O)2(CH)3(OH)2 dan Ba46(Al92Si100O384), dan hasil analisa XRF menunjukkan bahwa terdapat 96,2 % logam Ba pada sabun barium. Sabun tembaga yang dihasilkan berwarna biru, rendemennya sebesar 98,43%, memilki titik leleh sebesar 78-82°C, larut dalam gliserol:n-butanol, densitasnya sebesar, dan warna nyalanya adalah hijau, hasil analisa XRD mengindikasikan senyawa yang mirip Cu-karboksilat adalah CuCl2.2H2O, dan hasil XRD menunjukkan terdapat 49,1 % logam Cu.
ABSTRACT
Soap is made by reacting fatty acid with an alkali solution, trough saponification reaction. Along with the progress of science and technology the concept of the soap has been developed. It has become known as soap of transition metals such as copper that made through trans-saponification reaction, i.e. conversion of the soap saponification reaction product (barium soap) into the trans- soap saponification (copper soap) witht higher valence. Therefore, soap saponification results will have different properties that the trans-soap saponification. This study aimed to determine the characteristics of barium soaps which are synthesized by reaction of palm oil saponification with Ba (OH) 2 and the characteristics of copper soap were synthesized by reaction of trans-soap saponification with barium salts CuCl2.2H2O.
This study includes four phases: (1) synthesis of barium soap of palm oil, (2) Synthesis of copper soaps by reaction of trans-saponification with barium soap, (3) fingerprint characterization include the determination of phase with XRD, the determination of chemical composition by XRF, characterization of flame color, (4) physical properties determination including melting point, solubility, and density.
The research showed that the barium soap was white, 93.05% yield, have the melting point of 240-242 ° C, soluble in glycerol: n-butanol, density of 0.83 g/mL and pale yellow color flame , XRD analysis results indicated that the presence of barium compounds that two have similarities with the Ba-carboxylate is Ba(OH)2(H2O)2(CH)3(OH)2 and Ba46(Al92Si100O384), and XRF analysis results indicate the presence of Ba amounting to 96.2%. The resulting copper soap was blue, 98.43% yield, have the melting point of 78-82 ° C, soluble in glycerol: n-butanol, density of, and the flame color is green, the results of XRD analysis with a compound that shows similarity with Cu-carboxylate is CuCl2.2H2O, the results of XRF analysis of Cu at 49.1%.
Item Type: | Thesis (Undergraduate) | ||||||||||||
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Supervisor: | Dewi, Diana Candra and Amalia, Suci and Nashichuddin, Achmad | ||||||||||||
Contributors: |
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Keywords: | minyak kelapa sawit; sabun barium; sabun tembaga; palm oil; barium soap; copper soap | ||||||||||||
Departement: | Fakultas Sains dan Teknologi > Jurusan Kimia | ||||||||||||
Depositing User: | Koko Prasetyo | ||||||||||||
Date Deposited: | 30 Mar 2023 14:26 | ||||||||||||
Last Modified: | 30 Mar 2023 14:26 | ||||||||||||
URI: | http://etheses.uin-malang.ac.id/id/eprint/49016 |
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