Isnaini, Isro'in Adityas (2018) Analisis pengaruh suhu pemanasan pada transesterifikasi minyak jarak (Ricinus communis) menggunakan katalis heterogen KOH/zeolit dalam pembuatan biodiesel. Undergraduate thesis, Universitas Islam Negeri Maulana Malik Ibrahim.
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Abstract
INDONESIA:
Biodiesel yang diperoleh melalui rekasi transesterifikasi merupakan salah satu sumber energi alternatif pengganti bahan bakar fosil yang dapat diperbarui. Salah satu bahan baku pembuatan biodiesel adalah minyak biji jarak kepyar (Ricinus communis). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh suhu reaksi transesterifikasi minyak jarak menggunakan katalis heterogen KOH/zeolit terhadap kualitas biodiesel yang dihasilkan. Reaksi transesterifikasi dilakukan dengan mereaksikan minyak jarak dan metanol dengan rasio mol 1:15. Katalis yang digunakan sebanyak 17% berat minyak. Reaksi dilakukan selama 7 jam pada suhu reaksi 55 oC , 60 oC dan 65 oC.
Produk biodiesel dianalisis dengan GC-MS. Hasil analisis reaksi transesterifikasi minyak jarak menggunakan katalis heterogen KOH/zeolit menunjukkan keberhasilan sitesis metil ester (biodiesel). Metil ester yang terkandung di dalam biodiesel hasil reaksi adalah metil laurat, metil miristat, metil palmitat, metil linoleat, metil oleat, metil stearat dan metil risinoleat. Kadar metil risinoleat menurun seiring naiknya suhu yaitu pada suhu 55 oC, 60 oC dan 65 oC masing-masing adalah sebesar 91,14%, 86,16% dan 84,36%. Karakterisasi fisik yang dilakukan terhadap biodiesel adalah densitas, viskositas, kadar air dan angka asam. Densitas biodiesel untuk suhu reaksi 55 oC, 60 oC dan 65 oC adalah 955,6 Kg/m3, 961 Kg/m3 dan 966 Kg/m3; nilai viskositas berturut-turut adalah 6,88 mm2/s, 14,03 mm2/s dan 13,43 mm2/s; kadar air 16,4 %, 3 % dan 5,2 % dan angka asam 0,16 KOH/g, 0,64 KOH/g dan 0,32 KOH/g. Karakteristik biodiesel berupa densitas, viskositas dan kadar air tidak memenuhi standar SNI. Namun angka asam telah memenuhi standar SNI kecuali pada suhu 60 oC
ENGLISH:
Biodiesel that is obtained through trans-esterification reactions is one of the renewable alternative energy sources of fossil fuels. One of the raw materials of biodiesel production is Kepyar castor (jarak) seed oil (Ricinus communis). The research aims at determining the influence of trans-esterification temperature of Kepyar castor (jarak) seed oil using heterogeneous catalyst of KOH /zeolite against the quality of biodiesel. The trans-esterification reaction is carried out by reacting castor oil and methanol with a mole ratio of 1:15. The catalyst uses 17% of weight of the oil. The reaction is carried out for 7 hours at reaction temperature of 55oC, 60oC and 65oC.
Biodiesel product was analyzed by GC-MS. The results of the analysis of trans-esterification reaction of castor oil using heterogeneous catalyst of KOH/zeolite showed the success of methyl ester synthesis (biodiesel). The methyl esters are laurate methyl, myristate methyl, palmitate methyl, linoleate methyl, oleate methyl, and stearate methyl and risinoleate methyl. The levels of risinoleate methyl decreased with temperature rise at 55oC, 60oC and 65oC, those were 91.14%, 86.16% and 84.36%, respectively. Physical characterization of biodiesel is density, viscosity, water content and acid number. Biodiesel density for reaction temperature of 55oC, 60oC and 65oC was 955.6 Kg/m3, 961 Kg/m3 and 966 Kg/m3; the viscosity values were 6.88 mm2/s, 14.03 mm2/s and 13.43 mm2/s respectively; water contents were 16.4%, 3% and 5.2% and acid numbers were 0.16 KOH/g, 0.64 KOH/g and 0.32 KOH/g. The characteristics of biodiesel of density, viscosity and water content do not meet SNI standard. However, the acid number has met the SNI standard except in 60oC.
Item Type: | Thesis (Undergraduate) | |||||||||
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Supervisor: | Amalia, Suci and Abtokhi, Ahmad | |||||||||
Contributors: |
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Keywords: | KOH/zeolit; minyak jarak; transesterifikasi; biodiesel; variasi suhu reaksi; castor oil; trans-esterification; biodiesel; reaction temperature variation | |||||||||
Departement: | Fakultas Sains dan Teknologi > Jurusan Kimia | |||||||||
Depositing User: | Heni Kurnia Ningsih | |||||||||
Date Deposited: | 15 Mar 2019 08:33 | |||||||||
Last Modified: | 15 Mar 2019 08:33 | |||||||||
URI: | http://etheses.uin-malang.ac.id/id/eprint/13398 |
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