تطبيق أسلوب التعلم الواقعي في تعليم مهارة الكلام بمعهد الارتقاء مالانج على وجهة نظرية دونوفان

مستخلص البحث

أسلوب التعلم الواقعي هو أسلوب تصميم يشاركه الطلاب في استكشاف المفاهيم والتفكير فيها ثم مناقشتها في التعلم. يسمى أيضا أسلوب التعلم هذا بأسلوب أجنبي، لأنه في إندونيسيا، لا يعرف الكثير من الناس أسلوب التعلم الواقعي، خاصةً في تعلم مهارة الكلام. وبالتالي، فإن اهتمام هذا البحث هو الجمع بين تعلم مهارة الكلام وأنشطة أسلوب التعلم الواقعي. يهدف هذا البحث إلى: (1) معرفة كيفية استخدام عملية التعلم أسلوب التعلم الواقعي في تدريس مهارات الكلام في معهد الارتقاء مالانج على أساس نظرية دونوفان. (2) لمعرفة العوامل الداعمة والعوائق للتعلم باستخدام أسلوب التعلم الواقعي في تعليم مهارة الكلام بمعهد الارتقاء مالانج على أساس نظرية.

انطلاقا من نوعه، يعتبر هذا البحث بحثا كيفيا ووصفيا تختاره الباحثة لأجل جمع نتائج البيانات ووصفها في المجال الذي يعتمد على الباحث كأداة رئيسية. بينما تم جمع البيانات من خلال خطوتين، وهما المقابلات والملاحظات المباشرة. بعد ذلك، تم تنفيذ خطوات تحليل البيانات باستخدام نموذجسMiles and Huberman الذي تضمن ٤ مراحل متتالية، وهي جمع البيانات وتخفيض البيانات وعرض البيانات واستخلاص النتائج.

نتائج هذا البحث هي: (1) عملية تعلم مهارة الكلام باستخدام أسلوب التعلم الواقعي في معهد الارتقاء تنفذ خطوات نظرية دونوفان بشكل عام، ولكن لا تزال هناك بعض الأنشطة التي لا يتم تنفيذها بشكل مستمر في كل اللقاء. (2) تشمل العوامل الدافعة لأسلوب التعلم الواقعي في معهد الارتقاء مالانج: المعلمين الأكفاء، والمواد التعليمية المناسبة، وأنشطة اللغة العربية الإضافية. أما العوائق في تنفيذ أسلوب التعلم الواقعي بمعهد الارتقاء تشمل: وجود الحدود في أمور الدخول والخروج من المعهد، وحدود استخدام الهواتف أو الجوال، وعدد الطلاب في الفصل الذي لم يبلغ الحد الأقل.

ABSTRACT

The authentic learning model is a design model that involves students in exploring, thinking, and discussing concepts in learning. This learning model used to be called a foreign teaching and learning model, because in Indonesia itself, not many people know about this authentic learning model, especially in Maharah Kalam learning. Thus, the interest of this research is to combine Maharah Kalam learning with the process of authentic learning model activities.

The aims of this research are: (1) To find out how the learning process is using authentic learning models in Maharah Kalam learnings at Ma'had Al-Irtiqo' Malang based on Donovan's theory. (2) To find out the supporting and inhibiting factors in learning by using an authentic model in Maharah Kalam learnings at Ma'had Al-Irtiqo' Malang based on Donovan's theory.

Based on its type, this research is a descriptive qualitative research chosen by the researcher with the aim of collecting and describing the findings of data in the field that rely on the researcher as the key instrument. The data sources that are used as a reference are divided into two, namely primary and secondary. While data collection was carried out through two steps, namely interviews and direct observation. There is a need for data validation stages, so the steps used are increasing sincerity, verification, and discussion. Next, the data analysis steps were carried out using the Miles and Huberman model which included 4 successive stages, namely data pooling, data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions.

The results of this study are: (1) The process of learning speaking skills using the authentic learning model in mahad Al-Irtiqo' has implemented the steps of Donovan's theory in general, but there are still some activities that are not consistently implemented in each meeting. (2) Authentic learning support factors found in Ma'had Al-Irtiqo' Malang include: competent teachers, appropriate teaching materials, and extra Arabic activities. Meanwhile, the inhibiting factors for authentic learning in Mahad Al-Irtiqo' Malang include: limited access to exiting Mahad, limited access to cellphones, and the number of students in the class is a slightly inhibiting factor.

ABSTRAK

The authentic learning model is a design model that involves students in exploring, thinking, and discussing concepts in learning. This learning model used to be called a foreign teaching and learning model, because in Indonesia itself, not many people know about this authentic learning model, especially in Maharah Kalam learning. Thus, the interest of this research is to combine Maharah Kalam learning with the process of authentic learning model activities.

The aims of this research are: (1) To find out how the learning process is using authentic learning models in Maharah Kalam learnings at Ma'had Al-Irtiqo' Malang based on Donovan's theory. (2) To find out the supporting and inhibiting factors in learning by using an authentic model in Maharah Kalam learnings at Ma'had Al-Irtiqo' Malang based on Donovan's theory.

Based on its type, this research is a descriptive qualitative research chosen by the researcher with the aim of collecting and describing the findings of data in the field that rely on the researcher as the key instrument. The data sources that are used as a reference are divided into two, namely primary and secondary. While data collection was carried out through two steps, namely interviews and direct observation. There is a need for data validation stages, so the steps used are increasing sincerity, verification, and discussion. Next, the data analysis steps were carried out using the Miles and Huberman model which included 4 successive stages, namely data pooling, data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions.

The results of this study are: (1) The process of learning speaking skills using the authentic learning model in mahad Al-Irtiqo' has implemented the steps of Donovan's theory in general, but there are still some activities that are not consistently implemented in each meeting. (2) Authentic learning support factors found in Ma'had Al-Irtiqo' Malang include: competent teachers, appropriate teaching materials, and extra Arabic activities. Meanwhile, the inhibiting factors for authentic learning in Mahad Al-Irtiqo' Malang include: limited access to exiting Mahad, limited access to cellphones, and the number of students in the class is a slightly inhibiting factor.