Putri, Dayu Nirwana (2014) Uji aktivitas antibakteri ekstrak metanol daun kenikir (Cosmos caudatus Kunth.) terhadap bakteri Salmonella typhi. Undergraduate thesis, niversitas Islam Negeri Maulana Malik Ibrahim.
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Abstract
INDONESIA:
Salmonella typhi merupakan bakteri patogen yang mampu menyebabkan sejumlah besar infeksi pada manusia diantaranya yaitu demam tifoid (demam enterik), infeksi sistemik fokal, septicemia, dan gastroenteritis yang bervariasi secara klinis yaitu dari diare cair sampai disentri. Pertumbuhan Salmonella typhi dapat dihambat oleh senyawa fenol, flavonoid, saponin, dan tanin. Tanaman yang mengandung senyawa fenol, flavonoid, saponin, dan tanin adalah daun kenikir (Cosmos caudatus Kunth.). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui aktivitas antibakteri ekstrak metanol daun kenikir (Cosmos caudatus Kunth.) terhadap bakteri Salmonella typhi.
Penelitian ini bersifat eksperimental laboratorik dengan 2 tahapan. Tahapan pertama untuk mengetahui senyawa aktif dari ekstrak metanol daun kenikir dan tahapan kedua untuk mengetahui aktivitas antibakteri. Penelitian tahap kedua menggunakan rancangan acak lengkal (RAL) dengan 7 perlakuan dan 3 ulangan dengan konsentrasi ekstrak sebesar 10 mg/ml, 15 mg/ml, 20 mg/ml, 25 mg/ml, dan 30 mg/ml. Kontrol positif menggunakan antibiotik kloramfenikol dan kontrol negatif menggunakan campuran aquades dan DMSO (dimethyl sulfoxide). Ekstraksi daun kenikir pada penelitian ini menggunakan metode maserasi. Data hasil penelitian ini meliputi uji fitokimia dan aktivitas antibakteri. Hasil yang diperoleh diuji normalitasnya menggunakan Kolmogorov-Smirnov, kemudian diuji homogenitasnya. Setelah itu dianalisis dengan ANOVA one way test, apabila terdapat perbedaan yang sangat nyata maka dilakukan uji lanjut UJD (Uji Jarak Duncan) pada taraf signifikansi 5 %.
Hasil penelitian tahap pertama menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak metanol daun kenikir memiliki kandungan senyawa aktif, yakni fenol, flavonoid, saponin, dan tanin. Sedangkan hasil penelitian tahap kedua menunjukkan bahwa, ekstrak daun kenikir mampu menghambat bakteri Salmonella typhi sebesar 9,5 mm pada konsentrasi 10 mg/ml. Sedangkan pada konsentrasi 15 mg/ml menunjukkan diameter zona hambat sebesar 13,3 mm, konsentrasi 20 mg/ml menunjukkan diameter zona hambat sebesar 16,5 mm, konsentrasi 25 mg/ml menunjukkan diameter zona hambat sebesar 20,3 mm, dan konsentrasi 30 mg/ml diameter zona hambat juga terus mengalami kenaikan yaitu sebesar 24,2 mm. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak metanol daun kenikir memiliki potensi sebagai antibakteri terhadap pertumbuhan bakteri Salmonella typhi.
ENGLISH:
Salmonella typhi is pathogen bacteria which capable of causing a mount of infection toward human being, those are typhoid fever (enteric fever), infection toward systematic vocal, septicemia, and various gastroenteritis clinically, involved fluid diarrhea up to dysentery. The growth of Salmonella typhi can be avoided by phenol compound, flavonoid, saponin, dan tannin. Plant which has phenol compound, flavonoid, saponin, dan tannin is kenikir leaf (cosmos caudatus Kunth.). The purpose of this study is to know the activity of anti-bacteria methanol extract of kenikir leaf (Cosmos caudatus Kunth.) toward Salmonella typhi bacteria.
The researcher applies laboratorial experiment with two steps. The first step is to know the active bacteria from extracting the methanol extract of kenikir leaf and the second step is to know the activity of the anti-bacteria. The next step of the study used Lengkal random approach (RAL) with 7 treatments and 3 repetitions with the extract concentration in an amount of 10mg/ml, 15 mg/ml, 20 mg/ml, 25 mg/ml, and 30 mg/ml. The positive control used cloramfenikol anti-biotic and the negative control used the mixing aquades and DMSO (dimethyl sulfoxide). The extract of kenikir leaf in this study used maserasi method. The results of this study involve phyto-chemistry and anti-bacteria activity. Its normality, then, is tested by using Kolmogorov-Smirnov, and its homogeneity, then, is also tested. Afterwards, it is analyzed by ANOVA one way test, if it has a great deal of necessity, the researcher did further testing in the degree of significance 5%.
The first result of the study shows that methanol extract of kenikir leaf has active compound, namely phenol, flavonoid, saponin, and tannin. While the next result of the study shows that, the extraction of Kenikir leaf is capable of avoiding Salmonella typhi bacteria in an amount of 9,5 mm in concentration 10 mg/ml. While in concentration 15 mg/ml shows the diameter of blocked zone in an amount of 13.3 mm, concentration 20 mg/ml shows diameter of blocked zone in an amount of 16,5 mm, concentration 25 mg/ml shows diameter of blocked zone in an amount of 20,3 mm, and concentration of 30 mm/ml. Diameter of blocked zone is continually raising in an amount of 24,2 mm. to conclude that the methanol extract of kenikir leaf has a potential as anti-bacteria toward the growth of Salmonella typhi
Item Type: | Thesis (Undergraduate) |
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Keywords: | Daun Kenikir (Cosmos caudatus Kunth.); Salmonella typhi; Kenikir Leaf (Cosmos caudatus Kunth.); Salmonella typhi |
Subjects: | 06 BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES > 0605 Microbiology > 060503 Microbial Genetics |
Departement: | Fakultas Sains dan Teknologi > Jurusan Biologi |
Depositing User: | Heni Kurnia Ningsih |
Date Deposited: | 27 Jul 2015 08:45 |
Last Modified: | 27 Jul 2015 08:45 |
URI: | http://etheses.uin-malang.ac.id/id/eprint/523 |
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