Pengaruh asam salisilat (Sa) terhadap pertumbuhan dan kandungan prolin bayam belang (Amaranthus Tricolor L.) pada kondisi cekaman kekeringan

ABSTRAK

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh cekaman kekeringan, asam salisilat dan kombinasi cekaman kekeringan dan asam salisilat untuk mempertahankanpertumbuhan dan kandungan prolin bayam belang (Amaranthus tricolor L.). Jenis penelitian eksperimental menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) dua faktorial. Faktor pertama cekaman kekeringan berdasarkan kapasitas lapang (KL) (100% KL, 75% KL, 50% KL dan 25% KL) dan faktor kedua asam salisilat (SA) (0 mM, 1 mM, 1.5 mM dan 2 mM) yang dikombinasikan sebanyak 16 kombinasi dengan 3 kali ulangan. Bahan yang digunakan yaitu benih bayam belang, media tanam tanah dan pupuk kompak (2:1), air dan asam salisilat. Pemberian asam salisilat pada fase vegetatif umur 14 dan 21 HSTdan cekaman kekeringan umur 17-42 HST. Parameter yang diamati yaitu tinggi tanaman,jumlah daun, luas daun, panjang akar, berat basah dan kadar prolin. Analisis data yangdigunakan yaitu analisis variansi (ANAVA) dengan menggunakan SPSS 17.0. Hasil analisis yang berpengaruh nyata dilanjutkan dengan uji Duncan Multiple Range Test(DMRT) taraf 5%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pada pemberian air 100% KL dapatmeningkatkan pertumbuhan tinggi tanaman sebesar (28,6 cm), jumlah daun (20,83 helai),luas daun (40,95 cm3), berat basah (24,85 gram). Sedangkan pada pemberian air 25% Lmenghasilkan panjang akar tertinggi sebesar (30,32 cm3) dan kadar prolin (0,336 µM). Konsentrasi asam salisilat 1,5 mM efektif dalam empertahankan tinggi tanaman sebesar (30,9 cm), jumlah daun (21,33 helai), luas daun (46,29 cm3), berat basah (23,94 gram), panjang akar (26,73 cm3) dan kadar prolin (0,257 µM). Pada kombinasi cekamankekeringan 100% KL + 1,5 mM asam salisilat efektif dalam mempertahankan tinggi tanaman sebesar (34,43 cm) dan berat basah (35,3 gram), pemberian 75% KL + 1,5 mM efektif dalam mempertahankan jumlah daun sebesar (29 helai) dan luas daun (51,16 cm3), dan pemberian 25% KL dan 1,5 mM efektif mempertahankan panjang akar sebesar (35,6 cm3) dan kadar prolin (0,433 µM).

ABSTRACT

This study aimed to determine the effect of drought stress, salicylic acid and combination of drought stress and salicylic acid to maintain growth and proline content ofstriped spinach (Amaranthus tricolor L.). This type of experimental research used a two�factorial completely randomized design (CRD). The first factor was drought stress based on field capacity (KL) (100% KL, 75% KL, 50% KL and 25% KL) and the second factor was salicylic acid (SA) (0 mM, 1 mM, 1.5 mM and 2 mM) combined. as many as 16 combinations with 3 replications. The materials used were striped spinach seeds, soil planting media and compact fertilizer (2:1), water and salicylic acid.Administration of salicylic acid at the vegetative phase at the age of 14 and 21 DAP and drought stress at the age of 17-42 DAP. Parameters observed were plant height, number of leaves, leaf area, root length, wet weight and proline content. Analysis of the data used is analysis ofvariance (ANOVA) using SPSS 17.0. The results of the analysis that had a significant effect were continued with the Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT) level 5%. The results showed that giving 100% KL water increased the growth of plant height by (28.6 cm), number of leaves (20.83 strands), leaf area (40.95 cm3), wet weight (24.85 grams). Meanwhile, giving 25% KL of water resulted in the highest root length (30.32 cm3) and proline content (0.336 M). Salicylic acid concentration of 1.5 mM was effective inmaintaining plant height (30.9 cm), number of leaves (21.33 strands), leaf area (46.29 cm3), wet weight (23.94 grams), root length ( 26.73 cm3) and proline content (0.257 M). In the combination of drought stress 100% KL + 1.5 mM salicylic acid was effective in maintaining plant height (34.43 cm) and wet weight (35.3 grams), offering 75% KL + 1.5 mM effective in maintaining the number of leaves. (29 strands) and leaf area (51.16 cm3), and offering 25% KL and 1.5 mM effectively maintained root length (35.6 cm3) and proline content (0.433 µM).