Manajemen pengembangan kurikulum Keaswajaan dan Kemuhammadiyahan dalam Pembentukan karakter: Studi Multikasus di Sekolah Tinggi Agama Islam Diponegoro dan Sekolah Tinggi Agama Islam Muhammadiyah Tulungagung

ABSTRAK

Kurikulum merupakan salah satu komponen yang memiliki peran strategis dalam pembentukan karakter lulusan. Perguruan tinggi memiliki wewenang untuk mengembangkan kurikulumnya sesuai tuntutan dan perkembangan masyarakat (social needs), dunia kerja (industrial needs), perkembangan ilmu pengetahuan dan profesi (professional needs) serta karakteristik kekhasan dan keunggulan perguruan tingginya (core character building university). Kurikulum kekhasan perguruan tinggi dikembangkan sebagai mata kuliah pembentuk karakter kepribadian peserta didik. Mata kuliah keaswajaan dan kemuhammadiyahan merupakan bahan kajian yang bertujuan untuk membentuk karakter yang dibangun atas dasar paradigma normatif dan amali Islami sesuai visi dan misi dari masing-masing perguruan tinggi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk (1) menganalisis dan menemukan konsep nilai-nilai karakter dalam kurikulum keaswajaan dan kemuhammadiyahan, (2) implementasi dan (3) implikasi manajemen pengembangan kurikulum keaswajaan dan kemuhammadiyahan dalam pembentukan karakter di STAI Diponegoro dan STAI Muhammadiyah Tulungagung.

Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif, jenis studi kasus dengan rancangan multikasus (multi-case studies). Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan wawancara mendalam (indepth interview), observasi partisipan (participation observation) dan dokumentasi (documentation). Analisis data menggunakan comparative constant analysis melalui dua tahap, yaitu analisis data kasus tunggal (single-case analysis) dan analisis data lintas kasus (cross-case analysis) dengan teknik analisis data: penyajian data, reduksi data, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Pengecekan data dilakukan melalui uji triangulation, transferability, dependability dan confirmability.

Hasil penelitian: (1) Konsep nilai menekankan karakter religius, gerakan (khittah/mission) dan pembentuk profesional akademik. Karakteristik nilai keaswajaan: tasawuf (akhlak), tawassuth (moderat), tasamuh (toleransi), tawazun (egalitarianisme/setara) dan ta'adul (adil). Karakteristik nilai kemuhammadiyahan: purifikasi-tanzih (pemurnian ajaran Islam), tajdid (pembaharuan), ashriyah (modernis) dan profetik. Dasarnya pengembangan fitrah moral manusia dan keberlangsungan (sustainability) misi organisasi. (2) Implementasi perencanaan digunakan pendekatan sistemik integratif, pengorganisasian kurikulum model parallel (integrasi mata kuliah keagamaan), pelaksanaan penguatan habitualisasi (kaderisasi)-power strategy (pesanan organisasi)-keteladanan tokoh, serta penilaian didasarkan pada standart kelulusan SKS dan kode etik mahasiswa. (3) Implikasi pengelolaan kurikulum dengan penambahan beban belajar/SKS dan SDM, mutu lulusan penguatan karakter religius spiritual dan misi kelembagaan, serta respon dan pelabelan positif di masyarakat luas (acceptability and positive of labeling).

Temuan formal dalam penelitian ini adalah model kurikulum basic of human moral needed

ABSTRACT

Curriculum is one of the component having strategic role in the graduate character establishing. Univetsities have authority to develop their curriculum that appropiate with the demmand and social needs, industrial needs, the development of science and profesional needs and also special characteristic and core characteristic building. The special curriculum of University has been developed as a subject to establisg the character of student personality. The subject of keaswajaan and kemuhammadiyahan is material of this research. It has goal to establish the character built base on normative paradigm and Islamic 'amali as vision and mission from each of Universities. This research has goal: (1) to analize and to find the concept of carachter value in kemuhamadiyahan and keaswajaan curriculum, (2) to implement and (3) to implicate the management of keaswajaan and kemuhamadiyahan development in the character establishing on STAI Diponegoro and STAI Muhammadiyah Tulungagung.

This research has used qualitative approach, the kind of case study by multicase studies. The technique of collecting data has used indepth interview, participation observation and documentation. The analysis of data has used comparative constan analysis by two steps; single-case analysis and cross-case analysis: by technique of data analysis: the serving of data, reduction of data and making conclusion. The checking of data has been done by triangulation, tranferability, depandability and confirmbility test.

The result of this research: (1) the value concept emphasize religious character, mission regeneration movement (khittah) and profesional academic establishing. The characteristic of keaswajaan value: moderate, tolerance (tasamuh), egalitarism (tawazun) and fair (ta'adul). The characteristic of kemuhamadiyahan value: purification of islamic tenet (tanzih), updates (tajdid), modernize (ashraniyah) and profetic. Its basic is the development of natural tendency human moral and the sustainability of organisation mission. (2) The planning of implementation is used integratif sistemic approach, organizing parralel model curriculum (integration of religion subject), implementation of habituation empowering, power of strategy (organisation orders), exemplary of figure and the evaluation us based on graduation standart of semester credit system and student ethics code. (3) The implication of curriculum management by augment semester credit system and human resources, graduation quality by empowering religious character and organization mission and also acceptability and positive of labeling in society.

The formal finding of this research is curriculum model of the basic-moral human needed