Penghukuman nafkah anak kepada bapak pasca perceraian perspektif Undang-undang Nomor 35 Tahun 2014: Studi kasus perkara Nomor 21/Pdt.G/2015/Pa.W. di Pengadilan Agama Wamena

INDONESIA:

Hakim dapat memutuskan melebihi petitum yang ada. Biaya nafkah anak bisa Hakim wajibkan kepada pihak berperkara melalui hak ex officionya, dalam hal ini diantara para Hakim pun masih pro kontra mengenai penggunaan hak ex officio untuk penghukuman nafkah anak. Hakim di Pengadilan Agama Wamena (PA Wamena) hanya ada tiga orang dengan dihadapkan tantangan lingkungan berupa maraknya penelantaran anak terlebih lagi biaya komoditi hidup sangat tinggi di Wamena. Dalam putusan nomor 21/Pdt.G/2015/PA.W yang didalamnya Hakim menggunakan hak ex officonya untuk menghukum pemohon atas kewajiban menafkahi anaknya hingga anak tersebut mandiri atau dewasa. Teryata selang beberapa waktu pihak termohon melapor ke PA Wamena karena pemohon tidak melakukan kewajibannya.

Oleh sebab itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui Bagaimana pemenuhan nafkah anak pasca perceraian di lingkungan PA Wamena perspektif UU. No. 35 Tahun 2014 dan bagaimana dasar pertimbangan Hakim dalam putusan nomor 21/Pdt.G/2015/PA.W.

Penelitian ini mengunakan jenis penelitian empiris yuridis. Pendekatan penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif. Dalam teknik pengumpulan data, peneliti menggunakan metode wawancara dan dokumentasi, kemudian data yang diperoleh dianalisis dengan menggunakan analisis deskriptif kualitatif.

Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan, pemenuhuan nafkah anak pasca perceraian di lingkungan PA Wamena memang belum optimal. Dari 4 perkara mengenai nafkah anak yang telah diputuskan, 3 diantaranya melapor kembali karena pihak yang bertanggungjawab tidak melakukan kewajibannya. Hakim pun menilai sementara ini ketika kaitannya dengan nafkah anak pasca perceraian, keadilan masih sebatas diatas kertas, belum ada instrumen sanksi yang jelas dan tegas bagi pelanggar hal tersebut dan juga disebabkan rendahnya kesadaran pihak yang betanggungjawab dalam kapasitasnya sebagai bapak. Sehingga dalam prakteknya pemenuhan nafkah anak pasca perceraian di lingkungan PA Wamena belum sesuai dengan pasal 1 ayat (12) UU. No. 35 Tahun 2014 tentang hak-hak anak. Pertimbangan Majelis Hakim dalam penggunaan hak ex officio dalam putusan nomor 21/Pdt.G/2015/PA.W berdasarkan alasan kepastian hukum dan jaminan untuk pemenuhan nafkah anak pasca perceraian meskipun ada salah satu Hakim yang tidak setuju penggunaan hak ex officio terhadap nafkah anak. Ketentuan besaran nominal berdasarkan pertimbangan kemampuan bapak dan kebutuhan anak.

ENGLISH:

The judge may decide beyond the existing petitum. Children living costs may be required by judge to the litigant through its ex-officio rights, in this case among the Judges are still pros and cons of the use of ex officio rights for the punishment of children’s living. Judge in Religious Court of Wamena (PA Wamena) just consisted only of three people faced with environmental challenges in the form of widespread neglect of children, moreover commodity cost of living is very high in Wamena. In the verdict number 21 / Pdt.G / 2015 / PA.W which includes Judge used his ex offico right to punish the applicant of the obligation to provide for their children until the child is independent or adult. It turned out that sometime the party requested to report to the PA Wamena because the applicant did not perform its obligations.

Therefore, this study aimed to find out how the fulfillment of the needs of children after divorce in PA environment Wamena perspective Act. No. 35 of 2014 and how the basis of Judge's consideration in verdict number 21 / Pdt.G / 2015 / PA.W.

This research used kind of juridical empirical research. The research approach used qualitative approach. In data collection techniques, the researcher used interview and documentation method, then the data obtained is analyzed by using qualitative descriptive analysis.

The results of this study showed that the fulfillment of children's need after divorce in PA Wamena is not yet optimal. Of the 4 cases on the children's living that have been decided, 3 of them report back because the responsible party did not perform its obligations. Judges also assessed this temporarily when the relationship with the children's living after divorce, justice is still limited on paper, there is no clear and assertive sanction of instruments are clear for the offenders and it also due to low awareness of the responsible party in his capacity as a father. So in it practice the fulfillment of children's living after the divorce in PA Wamena environment has not been in accordance with Article 1 paragraph (12) of the Act. No. 35 of 2014 on the rights of the child. Consideration of the judges in the use of ex officio rights in verdict number 21 / Pdt.G / 2015 / PA.W for reasons of legal certainty and guarantees for the fulfillment of children’s living after divorce even though there is one judge who disagreed the use of ex officio right to children’s living. Provision of nominal amount based on consideration of father's ability and needs of children.