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Penilaian keadilan hakim di Pengadiloan Negeri Se-Malang Raya

Saida, Rina Elfi (2026) Penilaian keadilan hakim di Pengadiloan Negeri Se-Malang Raya. Undergraduate thesis, Universitas Islam Negeri Maulana Malik Ibrahim.

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Abstract

INDONESIA:

Hakim dituntut untuk bersikap objektif dan berpedoman pada aturan hukum, namun proses penilaian keadilan tidak terlepas dari berbagai faktor psikologis yang memengaruhi cara hakim memahami, menafsirkan, dan memaknai suatu perkara. Penelitian mengenai penilaian keadilan dari sudut pandang psikologis hakim masih relatif terbatas, khususnya dalam konteks peradilan di Indonesia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk (1) mengetahui bagaimana hakim memaknai keadilan dalam pengambilan keputusan hukum, (2) mengetahui faktor-faktor psikologis yang memengaruhi penilaian keadilan hakim, dan (3) mengetahui bagaimana hakim mengelola subjektivitas dalam pengambilan keputusan hukum.
Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan fenomenologi. Subjek penelitian adalah 6 hakim yang terdiri dari 5 hakim laki-laki dan 1 hakim perempuan. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui wawancara semi terstruktur dan observasi. Uji keabsahan data menggunakan triangulasi sumber, metode, dan teori.
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa hakim memaknai keadilan melalui beberapa bentuk, yaitu keadilan subjektif-spiritual, keadilan distributif-proporsional, keadilan sosio-legal, keadilan substantif, keadilan restoratif. Selain itu, penilaian keadilan hakim dipengaruhi oleh faktor psikologis seperti nilai dan norma internal, pengalaman dan pengetahuan, emosi, moral, proses kognitif, dan dinamika lingkungan yang berasal dari lingkungan peradilan dan lingkungan sosial masyarakat. Dalam mengelola subjektivitas, terdapat upaya yang dilakukan hakim untuk menjaga objektivitas yaitu dengan menjadikan fakta persidangan sebagai dasar utama, mengumpulkan dan menelaah informasi secara lengkap, melakukan musyawarah dengan hakim lain, memperluas pengetahuan hukum secara berkelanjutan, serta menyusun alur berpikir yang jelas dan terstruktur dalam putusan. Penelitian ini mengimplikasikan pentingnya penguatan aspek psikologis dan kecerdasan emosional dalam program pelatihan hakim guna menjaga objektivitas putusan hukum.

ENGLISH:

Judges are required to be objective and adhere to the rule of law; however, the process of assessing justice cannot be separated from various psychological factors that influence how judges understand, interpret, and make sense of a case. Research on the assessment of justice from the perspective of judges’ psychology remains relatively limited, particularly in the context of the Indonesian judicial system. This study aims to (1) determine how judges interpret justice in legal decision-making, (2) identify the psychological factors that influence judges’ assessments of justice, and (3) determine how judges manage subjectivity in legal decision-making

This study employs a qualitative method with a phenomenological approach. The research subjects consisted of 6 judges, comprising 5 male judges and 1 female judge. Data collection was conducted through semi-structured interviews and observation. Data validity was assessed using triangulation of sources, methods, and theories.
The results indicate that judges interpret justice in several forms: procedural justice, substantive justice, moral justice, and socio-legal justice. Additionally, these assessments are shaped by psychological factors such as internal values and norms, experience and knowledge, emotions, morality, cognitive process and environmental dynamics stemming from both the judicial system and the broader
social environment. To manage subjectivity, judges make efforts to maintain objectivity by using the facts of the trial as the primary basis, thoroughly gathering and analyzing information, consulting with other judges, continuously expanding their legal knowledge, and developing a clear and structured line of reasoning in their rulings. This study highlights the importance of strengthening psychological
aspects and emotional intelligence in judicial training programs to ensure the objectivity of judicial decisions.

Item Type: Thesis (Undergraduate)
Supervisor: Nuqul, Fathul Lubabin and Rahayu, Iin Tri
Keywords: Penilaian keadilan; hakim; faktor psikologis
Subjects: 17 PSYCHOLOGY AND COGNITIVE SCIENCES > 1701 Psychology > 170104 Forensic Psychology
Departement: Fakultas Psikologi > Jurusan Psikologi
Depositing User: Rina Elfi Saida
Date Deposited: 23 Jul 2026 14:52
Last Modified: 23 Jul 2026 14:52
URI: http://etheses.uin-malang.ac.id/id/eprint/89506

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