Determinan Islamic Bank performance dengan national innovation sebagai variabel moderasi: Studi pada bank syariah full-fledged di ASEAN periode 2015-2024

INDONESIA:

Industri keuangan syariah di kawasan ASEAN menunjukkan kontribusi penting terhadap perkembangan keuangan syariah global. Namun, pertumbuhan tersebut belum mencerminkan pemerataan kinerja perbankan syariah antarnegara. Perbedaan kinerja bank syariah antarnegara dapat dipengaruhi oleh faktor internal bank dan kondisi lingkungan eksternal. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis pengaruh Credit Risk, Islamic Corporate Governance, Operational Efficiency, dan Capital Adequacy terhadap Islamic Bank Performance pada bank syariah full-fledged di ASEAN. Penelitian ini juga menguji peran National Innovation sebagai variabel moderasi dalam hubungan antara faktor internal bank dan Islamic Bank Performance.
Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan desain korelasional. Sampel penelitian ditentukan melalui teknik purposive sampling, sehingga diperoleh 22 bank syariah full-fledged di ASEAN yang memenuhi kriteria selama periode 2015-2024. Data penelitian bersumber dari laporan tahunan, laporan keuangan, dan laporan tata kelola bank syariah. Data dianalisis menggunakan regresi data panel dan Moderated Regression Analysis dengan bantuan EViews 12. Variabel penelitian terdiri atas Credit Risk, Islamic Corporate Governance, Operational Efficiency, dan Capital Adequacy sebagai variabel independen, National Innovation sebagai variabel moderasi, serta Islamic Bank Performance sebagai variabel dependen.
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Islamic Corporate Governance dan Operational Efficiency berpengaruh negatif signifikan terhadap Islamic Bank Performance. Credit Risk dan Capital Adequacy tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap Islamic Bank Performance. National Innovation mampu memoderasi pengaruh Islamic Corporate Governance dan Operational Efficiency terhadap Islamic Bank Performance, tetapi tidak mampu memoderasi pengaruh Credit Risk dan Capital Adequacy. Temuan ini menunjukkan bahwa kapasitas inovasi negara berperan sebagai faktor eksternal yang memengaruhi efektivitas faktor internal tertentu dalam menentukan kinerja bank syariah full-fledged di ASEAN.

ENGLISH:

The Sharia finance industry in the ASEAN region has made a significant contribution to the global development of Sharia finance. However, this growth does not yet reflect an even distribution of Sharia banking performance across countries. Differences in Islamic bank performance across countries can be influenced by internal bank factors and external environmental conditions. This study aims to analyze the influence of Credit Risk, Islamic Corporate Governance, Operational Efficiency, and Capital Adequacy on Islamic Bank Performance in full- fledged Islamic banks in ASEAN. This study also examines the role of National Innovation as a moderating variable in the relationship between internal bank factors and Islamic Bank Performance.

This study employs a quantitative approach with a correlational design. The research sample was selected using purposive sampling, resulting in 22 full-fledged Islamic banks in ASEAN that met the criteria during the 2015–2024 period. Research data were sourced from annual reports, financial statements, and corporate governance reports of Islamic banks. The data were analyzed using panel data regression and Moderated Regression Analysis with the aid of EViews 12. The research variables consist of Credit Risk, Islamic Corporate Governance, Operational Efficiency, and Capital Adequacy as independent variables, National Innovation as the moderating variable, and Islamic Bank Performance as the dependent variable.

The results indicate that Islamic Corporate Governance and Operational Efficiency have a significant negative effect on Islamic Bank Performance. Credit Risk and Capital Adequacy do not have a significant effect on Islamic Bank Performance. National Innovation moderates the effects of Islamic Corporate Governance and Operational Efficiency on Islamic Bank Performance, but does not moderate the effects of Credit Risk and Capital Adequacy. These findings indicate that a country’s innovation capacity acts as an external factor influencing the effectiveness of certain internal factors in determining the performance of full- fledged Islamic banks in ASEAN.