Peran enceng gondok (Eichhornia crassipes) pada penurunan tingkat pencemaran logam berat timbal (Pb) di Perairan Waduk Sengguruh Kecamatan Kepanjen Kabupaten Malang

INDONESIA:

Waduk Sengguruh terletak di Desa Sengguruh Kecamatan Kepanjen Kabupaten Malang adalah salah satu waduk yang ada di sebelah Selatan kota Malang. Waduk sengguruh merupakan Waduk yang berfungsi sebagai Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Air (PLTA) serta sebagai filter beban masukan Waduk Sutami dan Waduk Lahor. Banyaknya limbah industri dan rumah tangga yang masuk ke badan aliran Kali Lesti dan Kali Brantas menyebabkan tiap lokasi perairan Waduk sengguruh tercemar oleh logam berat timbal (Pb), dengan adanya populasi enceng gondok dapat mengurangi konsentrasi logam berat di perairan, sehingga perlu dilakukan studi tingkat pencemaran logam berat timbal (Pb) di perairan Waduk Sengguruh. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui perbedaan konsentrasi logam berat (Pb) pada enceng gondok dan perairan serta mengetahui tingkat pencemaran logam berat timbal (Pb) di perairan Waduk Sengguruh.

Penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan Juni 2012. Penelitian ini termasuk penelitian eksploratif dengan metode Purposif Sampling. Sampel diambil pada tiga stasiun pada masing-masing perairan dengan menggunakan tangan. Sampel air dan tumbuhan di Analisis di Laboratorium Jurusan Kimia Fakultas Keguruan dan Ilmu Pendidikan Universitas Muhammadyah Malang.

Hasil penelitian diketahui adanya perbedaan kandungan logam berat timbal (Pb) pada perairan dan tumbuhan enceng gondok di semua lokasi. Pada lokasi perairan stasiun I rata-rata kandungan logam berat yaitu 2.785 ppm, stasiun II rata-rata kandungan logam berat yaitu 0.904 ppm, stasiun III rata-rata kandungan logam berat yaitu 0.13 ppm. Pada organ Tumbuhan enceng gondok kandungan logam berat timbal (Pb) di lokasi stasiun I akar mencapai rata-rata 3.669 ppm, batang 5.499 ppm, daun 1.791 ppm. Stasiun II rata-rata kandungan logam berat akar 4.438 ppm, batang 5.322 ppm, daun 1.633 ppm. Stasiun III rata-rata kandungan logam berat akar 1.299 ppm, batang 0.957 ppm, daun 0.629 ppm. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian juga dapat diketahui bahwa organ yang berpotensi dalam menyerap logam berat Pb pada organ akar dan batang yang mencapai rata- rata kandungan logam berat timbal (Pb) akar 2.35 ppm, batang 2.95 ppm pada semua lokasi.

ENGLISH:

Sengguruh reservoirs located in the Village District Sengguruh Kepanjen Malang is one of the existing dam in the southern city of Malang. Sengguruh reservoir that serves as a reservoir Hydroelectric Power Plant (hydro) as well as the filter input load Sutami Dam and Reservoir Lahor. Many industrial and household waste that enters the body and the flow Lesti Kali Brantas River Basin causes each location sengguruh waters polluted by heavy metals lead (Pb), with a population of water hyacinth can reduce the concentration of heavy metals in water, so it is necessary to study pollution levels heavy metals lead (Pb) in the waters Sengguruh Reservoir. The purpose of this study to determine the differences in concentrations of heavy metals (Pb) in water hyacinth and water pollution as well as determine the level of heavy metals lead (Pb) in the waters Sengguruh Reservoir.

The experiment was conducted in June 2012. This research includes exploratory study with a purposive sampling method. Samples were taken at three stations in each water by hand. Water and plant samples in the analysis in the laboratory of Chemistry Department of Teacher Training and Education Faculty of Muhammadiyah University of Malang.

Survey results revealed the existence of differences in heavy metal content of lead (Pb) in water and water hyacinth plants in all locations. At the location of water stations I mean heavy metal content is 2785 ppm, station II the average heavy metal content is 0904 ppm, the average station III heavy metal content is 0:13 ppm. In the water hyacinth plant organ content of heavy metals lead (Pb) in the location of the station I reach the root of the average 3669 ppm, 5499 ppm stems, leaves 1791 ppm. Station II the average heavy metal content of 4438 ppm root, stem 5322 ppm, 1633 ppm leaves. Station III the average heavy metal content of 1299 ppm root, stem 0957 ppm, 0629 ppm leaves. Based on this research can also be known that the organ which has the potential to absorb heavy metals Pb in the organs of roots and stems that reach an average content of heavy metals lead (Pb) ppm 2:35 roots, stems 2.95 ppm at all locations.