Suciati, Helina (2026) Kuasa, regulasi, dan perdamaian: konstruksi sikap damai stakeholder pada konflik lintas agama. Masters thesis, Universitas Islam Negeri Maulana Malik Ibrahim.
|
Text (Fulltext)
230401220008.pdf - Accepted Version Available under License Creative Commons Attribution Non-commercial No Derivatives. (5MB) |
Abstract
INDONESIA:
Konflik lintas agama di Indonesia sering kali tidak hanya dipengaruhi oleh perbedaan keyakinan, tetapi juga oleh dinamika kekuasaan, regulasi, identitas sosial, serta proses pengambilan keputusan para stakeholder. Dalam banyak kasus, keputusan yang diambil lebih berorientasi pada stabilitas sosial jangka pendek dibandingkan pemenuhan keadilan substantif bagi seluruh kelompok masyarakat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memahami bagaimana konstruksi sikap damai stakeholder terbentuk dalam proses pengambilan keputusan pada konflik lintas agama, serta mengidentifikasi faktor psikologis, sosial, dan struktural yang memengaruhi lahirnya keputusan damai.
Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan desain studi multi-kasus. Lokasi penelitian berada di Kabupaten Malang dengan fokus pada beberapa kasus konflik lintas agama, termasuk konflik pembangunan rumah ibadah di Desa Sumberejo, Kecamatan Gedangan. Informan penelitian berjumlah 10 orang yang terdiri atas tokoh agama lintas iman, pemerintah daerah, pengurus Forum Kerukunan Umat Beragama (FKUB), pemimpin komunitas lokal, dan jaringan masyarakat sipil. Data dikumpulkan melalui wawancara mendalam, observasi partisipatif, dan studi dokumentasi. Analisis data dilakukan menggunakan analisis tematik melalui tahapan open coding, axial coding, dan selective coding.
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa konstruksi sikap damai stakeholder merupakan proses yang kompleks dan multidimensional. Secara psikologis, sikap damai dipengaruhi oleh self-efficacy, regulasi emosi, pengalaman konflik masa lalu, spiritualitas, orientasi moral, serta kemampuan mengelola tekanan sosial dan psikologi massa. Secara sosial, konstruksi sikap damai dibentuk oleh nilai religiusitas, solidaritas sosial, modal sosial, budaya lokal, relasi antar kelompok, dan dinamika identitas mayoritas-minoritas. Sementara itu, secara struktural, regulasi, kelembagaan, distribusi kekuasaan, prosedur administratif, dan legitimasi institusi menjadi faktor yang menentukan arah keputusan damai. Penelitian ini juga menemukan bahwa banyak keputusan damai masih berorientasi pada negative peace yang menekankan stabilitas dan pencegahan konflik terbuka, sehingga berpotensi menghasilkan perdamaian yang bersifat prosedural dan rapuh. Sebaliknya, perdamaian yang berkelanjutan memerlukan orientasi positive peace yang didukung oleh negosiasi berprinsip, infrastruktur perdamaian yang inklusif, serta keberanian moral stakeholder dalam menjamin keadilan substantif.
Penelitian ini menghasilkan formulasi konseptual bahwa sikap damai stakeholder merupakan hasil interaksi antara dinamika psikologis individu, relasi sosial, dan struktur kekuasaan yang bekerja secara simultan dalam proses pengambilan keputusan. Temuan ini memperluas kajian psikologi perdamaian dengan menempatkan stakeholder sebagai aktor psikososial yang berperan penting dalam transformasi konflik menuju perdamaian yang lebih adil, inklusif, dan berkelanjutan.
ENGLISH:
Interfaith conflicts in Indonesia are often influenced not only by differences in religious beliefs but also by dynamics of power, regulatory frameworks, social identities, and stakeholders’ decision-making processes. In many cases, decisions tend to prioritize short-term social stability rather than substantive justice for all community groups. This study aims to explore how stakeholders’ peaceful attitudes are constructed within the decision-making process of interfaith conflicts and to identify the psychological, social, and structural factors that contribute to the emergence of peaceful decisions
This study employed a qualitative approach with a multiple-case study design. The research was conducted in Malang Regency, East Java, focusing on several interfaith conflict cases, including the dispute over the construction of a house of worship in Sumberejo Village, Gedangan District. The participants consisted of ten key informants, including interfaith religious leaders, local government officials, members of the Interfaith Harmony Forum (FKUB), community leaders, and civil society representatives. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, participant observation, and document analysis. The data were analyzed using thematic analysis through the stages of open coding, axial coding, and selective coding.
The findings reveal that the construction of stakeholders’ peaceful attitudes is a complex and multidimensional process. Psychologically, peaceful attitudes are influenced by self-efficacy, emotional regulation, previous conflict experiences, spirituality, moral orientation, and the ability to manage social pressure and collective emotions. Socially, peaceful attitudes are shaped by religious values, social solidarity, social capital, local culture, intergroup relations, and majority- minority identity dynamics. Structurally, regulations, institutional arrangements, power distribution, administrative procedures, and institutional legitimacy significantly influence the direction of peaceful decision-making. The study also found that many peace-oriented decisions remain grounded in a negative peace framework that emphasizes stability and the prevention of open conflict, resulting
in procedural and fragile forms of peace. In contrast, sustainable peace requires apositive peace orientation supported by principled negotiation, inclusive peace
infrastructures, and stakeholders’ moral courage to ensure substantive justice.
This study proposes a conceptual framework suggesting that stakeholders’ peaceful attitudes are the result of the interaction between individual psychological
dynamics, social relations, and power structures operating simultaneously within decision-making processes. These findings contribute to the field of peace psychology by positioning stakeholders as psychosocial actors who play a crucial role in transforming conflict into a more just, inclusive, and sustainable peace.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Masters) |
|---|---|
| Supervisor: | Mahpur, Mohammad and Nuqul, Fathul Lubabin |
| Keywords: | sikap damai; stakeholder; konflik lintas agama; pengambilan keputusan; psikologi perdamaian; positive peace |
| Subjects: | 17 PSYCHOLOGY AND COGNITIVE SCIENCES > 1701 Psychology > 170111 Psychology of Religion 17 PSYCHOLOGY AND COGNITIVE SCIENCES > 1701 Psychology > 170113 Social and Community Psychology 17 PSYCHOLOGY AND COGNITIVE SCIENCES > 1702 Cognitive Sciences > 170202 Decision Making |
| Departement: | Fakultas Psikologi > Jurusan Magister Psikologi |
| Depositing User: | helina suciati |
| Date Deposited: | 12 Jun 2026 15:22 |
| Last Modified: | 12 Jun 2026 15:22 |
| URI: | http://etheses.uin-malang.ac.id/id/eprint/85185 |
Downloads
Downloads per month over past year
Actions (login required)
![]() |
View Item |
