Pengaruh relasi orang tua-anak terhadap kenakalan remaja melalui afiliasi teman sebaya menyimpang

INDONESIA:

Fenomena kenakalan remaja di Indonesia menunjukkan kecenderungan meningkat dengan variasi perilaku dari ringan hingga berat. Salah satu faktor yang berperan adalah kualitas relasi orang tua-anak sebagai bentuk kelekatan emosional yang bersifat protektif, sementara afiliasi dengan teman sebaya menyimpang menjadi faktor risiko dalam mendorong perilaku kenakalan. Meskipun penelitian sebelumnya telah mengkaji hubungan antar variabel tersebut terhadap kenakalan remaja, kajian yang mengintegrasikan ketiganya dalam satu model masih terbatas. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji pengaruh relasi orang tua-anak terhadap kenakalan remaja dengan peran mediasi afiliasi teman sebaya menyimpang.

Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif terhadap 537 siswa SMP dan SMA/K. Data dikumpulkan melalui kuesioner yang meliputi Inventory of Parent and Peer Attachment (IPPA), Deviant Peer Affilation Scale dari China Panel Survey serta Australian Self-Report Delinquency Scale-Revised. Analisis data dilakukan menggunakan analisis mediasi untuk menguji hubungan langsung dan tidak langsung antar variabel. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa relasi orang tua-anak berpengaruh negatif terhadap afiliasi teman sebaya menyimpang (β = –0,141, p = 0,001; 95% CI [–0,227, –0,055]) dan berpengaruh negatif secara langsung terhadap kenakalan remaja (β = –0,151, p = 0,004; 95% CI [–0,256, –0,072]). Sementara itu, afiliasi teman sebaya menyimpang berpengaruh positif terhadap kenakalan remaja (β = 0,299, p < 0,001; 95% CI [0,212, 0,407]). Ditemukan pula pengaruh tidak langsung relasi orang tua-anak terhadap kenakalan remaja yang juga signifikan (β = –0,042, p = 0,004; 95% CI [–0,077, –0,016]), sehingga hasil mediasi yang ditemukan bersifat parsial. Temuan ini diperkuat dengan nilai koefisien determinasi yang menunjukkan bahwa model menjelaskan 12,5% varians kenakalan remaja (R² = 0,125) dan 2,0% varians afiliasi teman sebaya menyimpang (R² = 0,020).

Temuan ini memberikan kontribusi penting dalam memahami mekanisme perkembangan kenakalan remaja, serta menunjukkan bahwa intervensi yang menargetkan peningkatan relasi orang tua-anak dan pengurangan afiliasi teman sebaya menyimpang dapat menjadi strategi untuk mencegah perilaku menyimpang.

ENGLISH:

The phenomenon of juvenile delinquency in Indonesia shows an upward trend, with behaviors ranging from mild to severe. One contributing factor is the quality of the parent–child relationship as a form of protective emotional attachment, while affiliation with deviant peers serves as a risk factor in fostering delinquent behavior. Although previous studies have examined the relationships among these variables, research integrating all three into a single model remains limited. Therefore, this study aims to examine the influence of parent–child relationships on juvenile delinquency, with deviant peer affiliation serving as a mediating factor.

The study employed a quantitative approach involving 537 junior high and high school students. Data were collected via questionnaires, including the Inventory of
Parent and Peer Attachment (IPPA) to measure parent-child relationships, the Deviant Peer Affiliation Scale from the China Panel Survey to measure deviant peer
affiliation, and the Australian Self-Report Delinquency Scale-Revised to measure juvenile delinquency. Data analysis was conducted using mediation analysis to test
direct and indirect relationships among variables. The results showed that parent–child relationships negatively predicted deviant peer affiliation (β = –0.141, p =
0.001; 95% CI [–0.227, –0.055]) and juvenile delinquency (β = –0.151, p = 0.004;95% CI [–0.256, –0.072]). Meanwhile, deviant peer affiliation positively predicted
juvenile delinquency (β = 0.299, p < 0.001; 95% CI [0.212, 0.407]). The indirect effect was also significant (β = –0.042, p = 0.004; 95% CI [–0.077, –0.016]), indicating partial mediation. These findings are supported by the coefficient of determination values, which indicate that the model explains 12.5% of the variance in juvenile delinquency (R² = 0.125) and 2.0% of the variance in deviant peer affiliation (R² = 0.020).

These findings make an important contribution to our understanding of the mechanisms underlying the development of juvenile delinquency, and suggest that interventions aimed at improving parent-child relationships and reducing involvement with deviant peer groups may serve as strategies for preventing deviant
behavior.