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Uji aktivitas antibakteri ekstrak etanol 96% daun suji (Dracaena angustifolia) terhadap bakteri Salmonella typhi secara in vitro

Uqola, Dzawil (2025) Uji aktivitas antibakteri ekstrak etanol 96% daun suji (Dracaena angustifolia) terhadap bakteri Salmonella typhi secara in vitro. Undergraduate thesis, Universitas Islam Negeri Maulana Malik Ibrahim.

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Abstract

INDONESIA:

Salmonella typhi merupakan penyebab utama demam tifoid dan masih menjadi masalah kesehatan dengan tantangan meningkatnya resistensi antibiotik. Salah satu upaya untuk mencari kandidat antibakteri baru adalah melalui pemanfaatan tanaman obat, termasuk daun suji (Dracaena angustifolia) yang mengandung berbagai metabolit sekunder yang berpotensi antibakteri. Penelitian ini bertujuan menilai aktivitas antibakteri ekstrak etanol 96% daun suji terhadap Salmonella typhi secara in vitro. Penelitian menggunakan desain post-test only control group dengan metode difusi cakram untuk mengukur diameter zona hambat serta metode dilusi cair untuk menentukan Konsentrasi Hambat Minimum (KHM) dan Konsentrasi Bunuh Minimum (KBM). Konsentrasi ekstrak yang diuji yaitu 10%, 20%, 40%, 60%, 80%, dan 100%, dengan ciprofloxacin sebagai kontrol positif dan akuades steril sebagai kontrol negatif. Analisis data meliputi uji normalitas Shapiro-Wilk, uji Kruskal-Wallis, uji post hoc Mann-Whitney, dan uji korelasi Spearman. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa peningkatan konsentrasi ekstrak diikuti dengan peningkatan diameter zona hambat. Nilai KHM diperoleh pada konsentrasi 80%, sedangkan KBM tidak ditemukan pada seluruh konsentrasi yang diuji. Temuan ini menandakan bahwa ekstrak daun suji hanya memberikan aktivitas antibakteri minimal atau bersifat bakteriostatik, belum mampu mencapai efek bakterisidal. Kesimpulannya, ekstrak etanol 96% daun suji memiliki kemampuan menghambat pertumbuhan Salmonella typhi, tetapi efektivitasnya masih lemah dan jauh lebih rendah dibandingkan ciprofloxacin. Penelitian lanjutan dengan pemilihan sampel, metode ekstraksi, dan pelarut ekstraksi berbeda diperlukan untuk meningkatkan potensi antibakterinya.

ENGLISH:

Salmonella typhi is the primary cause of typhoid fever and remains a public health concern due to rising antibiotic resistance. One approach to discovering new antibacterial candidates is the use of medicinal plants, including suji leaves (Dracaena angustifolia), which contain various secondary metabolites with antibacterial potential. This study aimed to evaluate the antibacterial activity of 96% ethanol extract of suji leaves against Salmonella typhi in vitro. The study used a post-test only control group design, employing the disk diffusion method to measure inhibition zone diameters and the broth dilution method to determine the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC). Extract concentrations tested were 10%, 20%, 40%, 60%, 80%, and 100%, with ciprofloxacin as the positive control and sterile distilled water as the negative control. Data analysis included the Shapiro-Wilk normality test, Kruskal-Wallis test, Mann-Whitney post hoc test, and Spearman correlation test. The results showed that higher extract concentrations were followed by an increase in inhibition zone diameters. The MIC was obtained at 80%, while no MBC was found at any tested concentration. These findings indicated that the suji leaf extract exhibited only minimal or bacteriostatic antibacterial activity, without achieving a bactericidal effect. In conclusion, the 96% ethanol extract of suji leaves demonstrates the ability to inhibit the growth of Salmonella typhi, but its effectiveness remains weak and significantly lower than ciprofloxacin. Further studies using different sample selections, extraction methods, and extraction solvents are needed to enhance its antibacterial potential.

Item Type: Thesis (Undergraduate)
Supervisor: Rahmah, Zainabur and Fitrianingsih, Avin Ainur
Keywords: Antibakteri; Dracaena angustifolia; Salmonella typhi
Subjects: 06 BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES > 0605 Microbiology > 060501 Bacteriology
06 BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES > 0607 Plant Biology > 060799 Plant Biology not elsewhere classified
11 MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES > 1115 Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences > 111504 Pharmaceutical Sciences
Departement: Fakultas Kesehatan dan Ilmu Kedokteran > Jurusan Pendidikan Dokter
Depositing User: Dzawil Uqola
Date Deposited: 19 Dec 2025 09:40
Last Modified: 19 Dec 2025 09:40
URI: http://etheses.uin-malang.ac.id/id/eprint/81647

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