Implementasi model pendidikan sufistik Tarekat Qadiriyyah Wa Naqsyabandiyyah dalam pendidikan Islam di Pondok Pesantren Assalafi Al-Fithrah Surabaya

INDONESIA:

Jika kita mencermati media massa, baik cetak maupun elektronik, akhir-akhir ini banyak fenomena yang menunjukkan bahwa kita warga bangsa ini seakan-akan bukanlah bangsa yang berpendidikan dan beradab. Penghujatan, penghinaan, saling fitnah, iri hati, tindak kriminal, korupsi, saling bunuh, pemerkosaan, narkoba, tawuran antar pelajar, dan hilangnya rasa kemanusiaan, menjadi sajian utama media massa yang tiada habisnya. Barangkali salah satu penyebabnya adalah model pendidikan di negeri ini yang orientasinya mengedepankan kecerdasan otak dan kepintaran akal semata sedang kecerdasan batin diabaikan. Akibatnya kemampuan dan aplikasi terhadap ilmu yang diperoleh tidak maksimal. Untuk menjawab persoalan tersebut maka di Pondok Pesantren Assalafi Al-Fithrah Surabaya menawarkan Model Pendidikan Sufistik Tarekat Qadiriyyah Wa Naqsyabandiyyah. Oleh sebab demikian peneliti melakukan penelitian dengan fokus penelitian sebagai berikut: (1) Bagaimana implementasi model pendidikan sufistik tarekat qadiriyyah wa naqsyabandiyyah dalam pendidikan Islam? (2) Apa saja metode pendidikan sufistik tarekat qadiriyyah wa naqsyabandiyyah? (3) Apa saja model pendidikan sufistik tarekat qadiriyyah wa naqsyabandiyyah?

Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan jenis fenomenologi Naturalistic. Penelitian dalam pandangan fenomenologi bermakna memahami peristiwa dalam kaitannya dengan orang dalam situasi yang ada di Pondok Pesantren Assalafi Al-Fithrah Surabaya. Dalam proses pengumpulan data, maka instrument utamanya adalah peneliti itu sendiri, namun demikian peneliti tetap menggunakan pedoman wawancara, pengamatan dan dokumentasi sebagai alat pengumpul data. Sedangkan teknik analisis data peneliti menggunakan proses analisis data deskriptif melalui 4 alur kegiatan yang berlangsung secara bersama yaitu: (1) Reduksi data, (2) Paparan atau sajian data,(3) Penarikan kesimpulan, dan (4) Triangulasi dengan mendiskusikan paparan data dan hasil temuan yang telah ditemukan dilapangan.

Hasil temuan penelitian di Pondok Pesantren Assalafi Al-Fithrah Surabaya ini: (1) Implementasi Model Pendidikan Sufistik Tarekat Qadiriyyah Wa Naqsyabandiyyah terhadap pendidikan Islam di Pondok Pesantren Assalafi Al- Fithrah Surabaya sudah berlangsung sejak didirikannya pondok tersebut. Oleh sebab itu pondok ini menjadi maju dan banyak diminati oleh kalangan modern untuk mengasah kecerdasan spiritual atau kecerdasan hati. (2) Metode Pendidikan Sufistik Tarekat Qadiriyyah Wa Naqsyabandiyyah, yaitu; Pertama, metode Ta’lim, Kedua, Metode Ta’dzib, dan Ketiga metode Uswah. (3) Model pendidikan orientasinya lebih pada pendidikan rohani yang terkonsep menjadi tiga komponen model; Pertama, Kewadhifahani, yaitu seluruh aspek kegiatan ‘ubudiyyah dalam sehari-hari, Kedua, Tarbiyyah, yaitu kegiatan pembelajaran dan penanaman ilmu yang diutamakan pada Pendidikan Sufistik baik di lembaga formal maupun lembaga non formal. Ketiga, Syi’ar Islam, ialah, seluruh kegiatan keagamaan seperti manaqiban, dzikir khususi, dan haul Akbar. Dari ketiga komponen tersebut, terbentuklah sebuah bangunan konseptual atau model Pendidikan Sufistik dengan adanya elemen-elemen, mata rantai spiritual (asanid keilmuan), tujuan, fungsi, materi/kurikulum, strategi perkembangan, dan metode pengajaran Pendidikan Sufistik Tarekat Qadiriyyah Wa Naqsyabandiyyah.

ENGLISH:

If we were to pay close attention to the public news, the written on the electronics, recently there are many phenomena that show us, As the one nation and its citizens, seem to be not a nation that has educated people lack of morals. Cursing, humaniting, told lies to one and another, feeling unsafe, criminal actions, corruptions, killing each other, raping, drugs, fighting among studens, and the lost of humanity, has been becoming the main topic in Media that just does not seem to have maybe one of causes of this is that the education model in this nation only depends matters, meanwhile, the religious matters are being thrown away. Consequently, the ability and applications to the knowledge that has been gained are not to its kullest, to answer this matter, Boarding Schools Assalafi Al-Fithrah Surabaya. Offers a model education called sufistic Tarekat Qadiriyyah Wa Naqsyabandiyyah. For that, the focus of this research is as such: (1) How does the Implementation of sufistic education called Tarekat Qadiriyyah Wa Naqsyabandiyyah? (2) what are the sufistic of Tarekat Qadiriyyah Wa Naqsyabandiyyah education method? What are the education models of Tarekat Qadiriyyah Wa Naqsyabandiyyah?

This research was using the qualitative approach with the type of fenomenology naturalistic. This research in the perspective of fenomenology, it is meant to under stand an event in its relations with the people in a particular situation exited in Boarding Schools Assalafi Al-Fithrah Surabaya. In the process of data collection, the main instrument used was the researcher itself, but then the researcher also used interviews, observation and documentation as the tool collecting data. Meanwhile for the data an alysis technique, the researcher use the descriptive of data analysis process through a 4 step of activities that went all to gether: (a) data reduction, (b) given data, (c) conluding, (d) Triangulation by discussing results that were found in field.

The results of this research in Pondok Pesantre Assalafi Al-Fithrah Surabaya were as such : (1) The implementation of educational mode l called Sufistik Tarekat Qadiriyyah Wa Naqsyabandiyyah to the Islamic education in Pondok Pesantren Assalafi Al-Fithrah Surabaya has been going for the time when the Islamic boarding school was built. For that reason, this school has become developed and many people in this modern era apply for that school to empowered their religious smartness and the heart smartness. (2) The educational method called Sufistik Tarekat Qadiriyyah Wa Naqsyabandiyyah : First, the Ta’lim method, second, Ta’zib method, and third the Uswah method. (3) the educational model tends to be more like in the religious education that has been very conceptual and devided into three components model; First, Wadhifahani, that is all the activities aspect of ‘ubudiyah in daily activities. Second, Tarbiyyah, that is the learning activity and the beginning of teaching for sufistic education either in the formal institution or non formal institution. Thirdly, the Syi’ar of Islam, all the activities for religious purposes such as manaqib, dzikir khususi, and haul Akbar. From all those three components, it would be eventually making such concept or a model of sufistic educational system with the existence of the elements, the links of religious, objective, function, material/curriculum, strategy of development, and teaching method of Sufistik Tarekat Qadiriyyah Wa Naqsyabandiyyah for education purpose.