Frame analysis of news “Kuningan High Bomb Explosion on September 9th” in Kompas and Republika newspaper

ABSTRACT

In Indonesia, each high explosive incident is often understood as a form of terrorism. Not only does it cause significant harm to victims, but it also poses a serious threat to stability. This perception is constructed due to the role of the media. Mass media have the ability to reach, cross, and encompass various limits of sex, age, and group. On the other hand, media must be responsible for their propaganda through constructing facts into news. Furthermore, mass media can be influenced by internal factors such as ideology, idealism, vision, and mission, as well as external factors like social, economic, and political conditions, and market demands.
Focus of this research systemically is formulated in to some research problem; how is the blast in front of Australian Embassy, September 9, 2004, framed by Kompas and Republika to be news? And how is difference of framing among them? Because the subject of this research is written text as data (constructed data), the researcher uses critical approach. It means that printed media (Kompas and Republika) are not free channel and quite objective, but very subjective because data or released report is result of construction of reporter or redactor. By critical approach, he also wants to see the object of research holistically.
On the other hand, researcher uses the frame theory constructed by Robert N. Entman forgetting the maximum result. According to him, there are four theories in understanding the mean off act framed by mass media. The first, define problem. It is master frame and to stress how an accident constructed by reporter. The second is diagnosing cause. It wants to know critically who or what cause it. The third is making moral judgment. lt is used to legitimate or judge and give the argumentation to what accident made. The fourth is treatment recommendation. It is to evaluate what reporter wants from that accident.
From the theoretical plot above is known the result of Kompas and Republika in framing the blast in front of Australian Embassy to be news. There are different results in constructing it. Kompas frame it as form of terrorism. It is supported when it defines the blast as terrorist act (define problem), Islam fundamentalist as responsible actor behind it and Australia as victim of conspiracy (diagnose cause), uncivilized act and in contradiction with humanity and religious (moral evaluation), and be punished its criminal strongly (Treatment recommendation). While, Republika frame it as global engineering that have the certain goal to Indonesia. It is supported when it identify the blast as global engineering (define problem), opportunist group and network of global terrorism as responsible actor behind it and Indonesia as victim of conspiracy (diagnose cause), accursed act of whatever form (moral evaluation), to handle terrorism more seriously and take it strongly but not to throw out accusation easily