An analysis on Metaphors in the poems in poetry of The Mountains' book by Mark O'connor

ABSTRACT

Literature is unique subject to be studied, because in studying literature it will cover emotion, imagination, feeling, creativity, as well as the knowledge of it. In this certain characteristic, they are symbol, allusion, devices and figurative language. Figurative language, especially metaphor is commonly used among others in poetry writing. For this study is focused on the analysis of metaphors used in ،،Poetry of the Mountains poems. The writer decided to give the title of her thesis is An Analysis on Metaphors in the Poems in Poetry of the Mountains’ Book by Mark O’Connor، To know the metaphors on their form which is proposed by Miller; nominal, predicative, and sentential metaphor. This study aims at answering the following three research questions. The first is to find out the kinds of metaphor. The second is to find out the dominant of metaphors. The third is to find out the meanings are involved in Poetry of the Mountains” poems by Mark O’Connor. She limits her study only for 10 poems which have metaphors. They are "In a Cloud”, "The Mountains”, "Monoliths”, "Pagoda Country”, "Love in the Blue Mountains”, "Storm”, "Warbler”, "The Edge”, "Deep Pass Gorge”, "Towards Lithgow” poems.

The methodology of the study used as follow; the step how she obtained and collected all data to be observed by looking for books containing a poem collectively written by Mark O’Connor, making record the data obtained form the data sources, and arranging the data in accordance with the research questions. To corroborate the data, triangulation is used in this study. The writer decided to use triangulation of the data sources and methodological triangulation. After the data had been collected, they are analyzed by using snowballing technique the following steps; categorizing the data into 10 categories in accordance with the number of poems analyzed, presenting, analyzing, and concluding the data of each category. Lastly, making tentative conclusion.

The conclusion and suggestion are made as follow; there are three kinds of metaphor in a collective poem "Poetry of the Mountains’1 poem; nominal, predicative and sentential metaphors. Therefore, each of the poem is included not all kinds of metaphor. In this case, among of poems not exists in sentential metaphor. The dominant of metaphors is nominal metaphor, especially which functions as object or cabled by complement metaphor. The meanings involved in "Poetry of the mountains" poems deals with lexical meaning, sentence meaning, and discourse meaning. Related to lexical meanings, literal or denotative, connotative, figurative, idiomatic, and lexical synonym, antonym, homonym, hyponym and polisemy are found. Then, sentence meanings; analytic, synthetic, and entailment sentences are found. Among of them show both declarative and interrogative sentences. Lastly, discourse meaning applied with cohesion such as the use of conjunctions and the use of pronouns. Then, some suggestions concerning the topic of this study can be given to poetry readers and other researchers who want to do further research in this study.