A study on deixis on Romeo and Juliet Novel by William Shakespeare

ABSTRACT

Discourse analysis is the discipline devoted to the investigation of the relationship between form and function in verbal communication. Discourse has connection to deixis in terms of the connections between discourse and the situation in which discourse is used. Deixis is from Greek words means to point out, that is a technical term for one of the most basic things we do with utterances. Based on Karl Buhler, there are three types of deixis niely person deixis, place deixis, and time deixis.

The present research proposes the following question ،،how deixis are used in Romeo and Juliet novel?”. This studies utterances that contain deixis in the conversations between Romeo and Juliet. This study is included descriptive qualitative research. This research uses the data in the forms of utterances into words from the conversations between the two main characters in the novel Romeo and Juliet.

The findings show that the three types of deixis namely person deixis, place deixis and time deixis are found in the conversations between Romeo and Juliet in the novel. Person deixis can be found as subject, object, possessive determiner, possessive pronoun, reflexive or emphatic pronoun, name of person, nickname or name of honour. Place deixis can be seen as proximal place deixis and distal place deixis. Furthermore, time deixis can be in the form of minute, hour, day, week, month, season or even year. The level of frequency in using deixis is person deixis, then is followed by place deixis, and the last is time deixis. It is because both the speaker and the addressee often talk about themselves and their conditions, the place and make parable using the place. They rarely use the time and make appointment in certain the time.

Based on the findings that are explained above, it is recommended for the readers to make use of the context and deixis in the novel to understand the message. Furthermore, the future researchers are expected to conduct researches in five types of deixis, mely person, place, time, social, and discourse deixis.