The English oral style of broadcaster in RRI Malang

ABSTRACT

A person who presents a program in radio is called broadcaster and the function of the broadcaster is to give a message or information to the audience. They have to give that information clearly. In this case they have to arrange it well. Especially in the English program, many things that must be done by the broadcasters. Malang is one of the big cities in East Java that has some Frequency Modulation (FM) and Amplitude Frequency (AM) radio stations. Radio Republic of Indonesia (RRI) Malang is one of the radio stations in Malang. It is more progressive than other radios which the programs can be broadcasted through both FM and AM. In this study the writer chooses Radio Republic of Indonesia (RRI) because RRI is the first radio which broadcasts English program in Malang, so it is assumed that it has more experiences than other radios.

There are three problems which are investigated in this study: what points of oral style are applied by the broadcasters?, what dominant oral styles are applied by the broadcasters? and why do the broadcasters apply the dominant oral style?. The purpose of this study is to find the answer of the problems, they are: find out the points of oral style applied by the broadcasters, find out the dominant oral style applied by the broadcasters and find out the reasons why the broadcasters apply the dominant oral style. This research is expected to have some advantages practically for the writer herself in improving her knowledge in Linguistics especially about oral style and for someone who wants to investigate similar topic or subject. Theoretically for the broadcasters who present English program especially in RRI Malang and on Linguistics field.

Actually there are many elements of oral style that must be paid attention by the speaker, like the broadcaster but this study focused only on the six elements of oral style which based on its reference. They are: clarity, concreteness, restatement, Imagery, conversational tone and appropriateness. This study describes how the broadcasters’ expression or statement to their listeners in their presentation.

This study applies descriptive approach relates to the research problems that describes the point of oral style applied by the broadcasters of RRI Malang, find the dominant oral style applied by the broadcasters and find the reasons of why they apply the dominant oral style. The data are not concerned with any statistical analysis. For getting the representative data, the writer uses observation and interview as the research instruments.

The writer applies some steps to collect and analyze the data. To collect the data, the writer observes directly the broadcaster’s presentation by using tape recorder. The writer also conducts the interview and classifies the data dealing with the problem of the study. Whereas to analyze the data, she uses these steps: transcribes and classifies the data in accordance with the points of oral style, identifies the dominant one and finds out the broadcasters’ reason why they apply the dominant ones.

The broadcasters have applied all points of oral style. Those are clarity, concreteness, restatement, imagery, conversational tone and appropriateness. The dominant ones that they have applied are clarity, concreteness, restatement, conversational tone and appropriateness. 'They have some purposes in applying the dominant oral style which is in clarity, concreteness, restatement, conversational tone are to make their listeners understand or to avoid misunderstanding and in appropriateness is to make a good relationship with their audiences. There are also two factors which influence them i.e. internal and external. For internal comes from the evaluation of their own presentation by recording it. For external comes from their friend’s and audience’s criticism and suggestion.

This study can be concluded that the broadcasters of English program in RRI Malang applied all of the elements of oral style but they often apply five points only as they have some purposes and there are two factors that influence them. The suggestion of the writer goes to the director of RRI Malang to change the time of English program broadcasted through Pro III. I suggest to the broadcasters of English program to always apply points of oral style every presentation. The future researchers can conduct a research by focusing on other elements of oral style or those six elements in other area.