A discourse analysis on deixis used in Surah Al-Fatihah

ABSTRACT

This study focuses on analyzing deixis in surah Al-Fatihah using Levinson’s theory. Deixis is a part of discourse analysis which is concerning to the context of utterance referring to who is speaking, the time or place of speaking, the gestures of the speaker, or the current location in the discourse. Surah Al-fatihah is the text of Koran in the opening surah in Koran that explains whatever in the next surahs of Koran. Therefore it is full of messages which contains much more of deixis. Based on this, the research on deixis in the text of surah ALFatihah is necessary to conduct.

This research is aimed to describe the deixis using Levinson’s theory. The data are the utterances of surah ALFatihah in the forms of written text, which are then analyzed using descriptive qualitative method.

The result of the research which accomplishes the research question reveals that the deixis used in surah ALFatihah is expressed differently. Person deixis is expressed using the description of characteristics, mentioning person deixis by occupations; such as Judge, etc., personal pronoun, and other references. Place deixis is expressed by describing the place, not naming it. Time deixis is expressed in two ways, namely using explicit information of time, and implicit information of time, which is in the usage of tenses. Social deixis is mostly expressed within person deixis and the verbs. Discourse deixis is expressed in the phrases which is refering to the previous discourse, which can also be categorized into person deixis since the word that is considered discourse deixis refers to the people who are explained before.

It is recommended to the future researchers who are interested in deixis to analyze the relation between grammatical cases and deixis. For readers, they are suggested to understand every aspect which is used to understand deixis, such as knowing inference, reference, presupposition and implicature.