Politeness strategies used by Banjarejo Villagers in South of Malang

ABSTRACT

Essentially the study of language in society relates to the utterances of people who using it in their daily activities or interactions. Language itself has many functions, one of them is as a means of communication. Language is not only simply means of transferring information but it also has a great important role in establishing and maintaining relationship with other people.

In using language, people must concern not only about social characteristics of the speaker such as status, sex, education, age, etc. but also they have to pay attention to the important thing in social aspects or context at that society that is language. Because many languages used by people variously over the word, so that same speakers may use different linguistic varies in different situations and for different purpose. Therefore, they seek to say anything in good linguistic detail of their utterances. Being polite involves taking account of the feeling of others. They will make other people feel comfortable.

This research is conducted in order to find out kinds of politeness strategies used by Banjarejo villagers in south of Malang and how the politeness strategies used in their activities. ,This research used descriptive qualitative research design. The data were the utterances, which were collected by using observation. The subject of the research was politeness strategies especially negative and positive politeness strategies based bn the theory of Brown and Levinson related to the FTA. The data sources of the research were the Banjarejo people of Malang that consists of Madurese and Javanese people. The data collected, then, were analyzed in accordance with the problems of the study.

As the results, the researcher found out both positive and negative politeness strategies used by Banjarejo villagers in south of Malang. The positive politeness strategies, which could be found, were use notice attend to the hearer, exaggeration, intensity interest to the hearer, seek agreement, avoid disagreement, raise common ground, use in group identity maker,joke, assert or presupposed speaker’s knowledge of and hearer’s want, offer and promise, be optimistic, include both speaker and hearer in the activity, give (or ask for), assume or assert reciprocity, give gifts to hearer. Furthermore, In contrast, the negative politeness strategies that were used by Banjarejo villager were be conventionally indirect use, question hedge, be pessimistic, minimize the imposition and give deference. And the negative politeness strategies were not found, were apologize, impersonalised the speaker and hearer, state the FTA as a general rule, nominalize and go on record as incurring a debt, or as not indebting the hearer.

The researcher hopes that this thesis could give contribution toward the researcher himself especially, to the readers and to the further researchers in the case of politeness strategies. It is hope for further researchers to conduct the research not only focus on conversational function but also the written function, analysing in detail of the rhythm and intonation and how the body language can be used as politeness strategies.