Code mixing used in Naning Pranotos Novel Mumi Beraroma Minyak Wangi

ABSTRACT

Code is a part of linguistics, which is important to study, as many people use code mixing in their speaking to make intimacy and solidarity. The phenomenon of code mixing does not only happen in oral conversation but also in written conversation. The example of code mixing in oral conversation is the languages that are used by the presenters in music program to communicate with the audiences. While, written code mixing could be found in literary work, magazine and newspaper. Naning Pranoto as an Indonesian novelist also uses code mixing in her novel.

Related to the phenomenon above, this research aims to answer two following questions; the first is what are the characteristics of code mixing used in Naning Pranoto’s novel ،‘Mumi Beraroma Minyak Wangi”, and second is what factors affect the use of code mixing used in Naning Pranoto’s novel “Mumi Beraroma Minyak Wangi”. The researcher limits this research only on sentences in the novel having characteristics of code mixing.

This research is a descriptive qualitative research. The data source of this study is all sentences in the form of written dialogue, monologue and expression, which have code mixing. While, the data of this study are collected from the novel “Mumi Beraroma Minyak Wangi” written by Naning Pranoto. The research instruments are the writer herself as the main instrument and another instrument is interview in depth with the author “Naning Pranoto”. The steps she collected data are by reading and understanding the hovel, picking up the data from the novel dealing with the problems, rechecking and interviewing the author and classifying the data according to the main problems. To analyze the data, she presented the data, interpreted the data, evaluated and drew the conclusion. To corroborate the data, triangulation of investigator triangulation is used in this study.

Based on the data presentation and discussion, it is concluded that there is three characteristics of code mixing that are used by the author in novel “Mumi Beraroma Minyak Wangi”. They are in the form of words, phrase and clauses. In her novel, the author also mixes sentences in many languages. They are Indonesian language, Sundanese language, Javanese language, English language and Jakarta dialect. Further, the use of code mixing in this novel are affected by many factors, they are setting, participants, situation and the purposes. In addition, another factors that affect the use of code mixing in this novel are internal and external factors. Internal factor deals with the author background. While, external factor deals with the background of each character in the story.