An analysis on the elements and types of setting in The Robinson Crusoe Novel by Daniel Defoe

ABSTRACT

Literature is one of the most creative and universal means of communicating the emotion spiritual and intellectual concerns of mankind. The study of literature is divided into three big branches namely prose, drama and poetry. Novel is one of literature works which is a book length story in the form of prose, while the author tries to create that, while we read it, we experience the actual life. At the progress of eighteenth century or as it is also known as the age of Queen Anne, novel reached its raising period, and many qualified novels were created and produced at that age.

Robinson Crusoe was written by Daniel Defoe in 1719. It is one of famous novels in eighteenth century literature. It illustrated the adventure of a man who shipwrecked on an island. He lived there for about twenty-eight years in the isolated land.

There are some reasons for the writer to choose this topic. By reading the novel, we acquire some knowledge and insight idea about how to appreciate literature and how to know the background of the novel. Therefore, the writer is interested in analyzing the elements and the types of setting in the novel of Daniel Defoe’s Robinson Crusoe. The writer decided to entitle her thesis ،لرم Analysis on the Elements and Types of Setting in the “Robinson Crusoe” novel by Daniel Defoe. problems of this study are: what are the elements of setting used in the novel ،Robinson Crusoe’ by Daniel Defoe and what are the types of setting of the novel.

I his study focused on the description of the elements of setting used in the novel Robinson Crusoe’ by Daniel Defoe and the types of setting of the novel. The researcher hopes that this study pro٠'.٦ides a contribution toward the literature study, especially on elements and the types of the setting.

This study is descriptive qualitative research as it concerns with the description of the elements and the types of ;netting used in the novel ،Robinson Crusoe’. Related to the analysis of literary works, the instrument is the researcher herself. In addition, she read the novel and catching some data related to the subject of the research in internet namely with code ١vw-w.sDarkn0tes.C0m. The results of this study are that the elements and tne types of setting described by the author in the novel ،Robinson Crusoe’. The data obtained four categories, which are in accordance with the division of the story namely the beginning, the conflict, the climax and solution or ending of the story. The elements of setting are illustrated that the actual geographical location are found in eleven topographies. The sceneries are in the form Sea, rivers, mountain, hills and precipices. The details of room’s interior are in a cabin and a tent. The main character’s activities are working hard, hunting, planting, fishing, gathering fruit, praying and reading the Bible. The story takes place in seventeenth century. The seasons are winter, rainy and dry seasons. The religion and moral condition of the main character are in the form the intellectual, social, emotional aspects of the main character. The types of setting are neutral and spiritual. The neutral settings are found in a chamber, a cave, Guinea, Brazil, and Yorkshire. The spiritual settings are found in York, Africa, Yarmouth, Pampeluna and the island.

Based on the data analysis, the writer suggests that the future researchers conduct same study with different aspects and more complete data and discussions. She also suggests that the readers draw lessons from moral and religious aspects of the story in order that they are able to improve the quality of their lives in the community.