Psychoanalysis on the major characters of david lindsey’s animosity

ABSTRACT

Literature is different from psychology, as we know; literature is related to fiction world, drama, poem, and essay that classified into art, while psychology refers to erudite study about the behavior of human being and mental process. Even different, both have encounter or equality, namely both leaving from human being and life as source of study. Discussing about human being, psychology involve into it, because psychology studies about behavior. To study unconsciousness and consciousness we have to deal with psychological theory even though in literary study. Psychoanalysis is one of the theories in psychology that can be used to analyze a literary work. Psychoanalysis is a family of psychological theories and methods based on the pioneering work of Sigmimd Freud. As a technique of psychotherapy, psychoanalysis tries to discover connections among the unconscious components of patient’s mental process.

Animosity contains the three basic structures of personality that the major characters face. Related to this case, the problems of the study can be formulated (1) How is the id condition of the major characters of Animosity? (2) How is the ego condition of the major characters of Animosity? (3) How is the superego condition of the major characters of Animosity.

In this research, the writer uses psychoanalytic literary approach as her research design to conduct the research because psychoanalytic literary criticism is the research designs that are directly related to this literary work. The writer uses psychoanalytic literary criticism because it is very suitable to find out the conditions of three basic structures of the major characters in this novel.

From this research, there are three findings that can be revealed. The first finding is the id condition of Ross Marteau; Ross needs a woman to accompany him every time and every where. His mind is always on a woman, especially with Celeste Lacan, a beautiful woman who gives him new commission. He loves her, in the meantime he knows that Celeste is a married woman but he does not care about that. Then, the writer finds the id condition of Leda Lacan; Leda always imagines a wonderfill life where she would become a beautiful woman. She has a dream to see her own deformity body. These data are included in id condition because their biological impulses drive and obtain to operate pleasure principle. Second, the ego condition of Ross Marteau; Ross tries to camouflage the murder scandal and throws away that dead body. He knows if the murder scandal known by media, he will lost everything he ever had like his popularity٠ Then, the ego condition of Leda; she asks her sister to find the perfect nude sculptor to satisfy her desire، These data show that the ego operates on what is called the reality principle, the foundation of which is the concern for safety. Third, the superego of Ross Marteau; he lets Leda to make her own position whatever she likes in order to get the best result. He believes by giving freedom position, Leda feels comfortable and relaxes. Then the last is Leda’s superego condition; she has to revenge everything that Celeste done for her. Because she knows that Celeste loves her and takes care of her since her mother died. These data are suitable to the superego conditions because they present the ideal rather than the real and strive for perfection rather than pleasure.

From this research, the writer hopes that the research can enrich the understanding about literary criticism about psychoanalysis’ perspective in general, and the condition of the three basic structures. The writer also expected that this research could contribute to other writer who focuses on this topic about psychoanalysis in the field of literature can analyze deeper and the findings can be used as a reference.