فعالية تقنية التكلم الدائري لترقية مهارة الكلام لطلبة السنة الأولى بالمدرسة المنورية العالية بولولاوانج مالانج

ABSTRAK

Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk meningkatkan keaktifan siswa, kemampuan mendeskripsikan gambar dan kepercayaan diri siswa dalam berbicara bahasa arab menggunakan talking circle technique. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui bagaimana teknik talking circle bisa meningkatkan keaktifan siswa, kemampuan mendeskripsikan gambar dan kepercayaan diri siswa dalam berbicara bahasa arab. Kegiatan dalam teknik talking circle adalah siswa dibagi ke dalam kelompok- kelompok kecil. Setiap kelompok diberi satu “tongkat bicara” (talking stick) dan gambar.

Desain penelitian ini adalah penelitian tindakan kelas, dalam hal ini, peneliti bekerjasama dengan guru bahasa arab dalam membuat rencana pengajaran, mengimplementasikannya, menganalisa data dan membuat refleksi. Penelitian ini diadakan dalam lima siklus. Subyek penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas I SMA al Munawariyah Bululawang Malang. Instrumen penelitian ini adalah format penilaian siswa, checklist pengamatan, dan catatan lapangan. Kriteria kesuksesan penelitian ini adalah keaktifan siswa, kemampuan mendeskripsikan gambar dan kepercayaan diri siswa dalam berbicara bahasa arab

Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pada pelaksanaan siklus 1 hingga pelaksanaan siklus 3 masih belum mencapai kriteria kesuksesan sebagaimana diharapkan oleh peneliti yaitu masih di bawah 50%. Dan kriteria kesuksesan tersebut berhasil dicapai pada siklus 4. Akan tetapi, untuk lebih meyakinkan kelayakan teknik ini, maka peneliti melanjutkan penerapannya pada siklus 5. Hasilnya mampu melebihi prosentase yang diharapkan yaitu mampu melebihi 50%. 55% siswa bisa bertanya dan 64% siswa bisa menjawab pertanyaan, kepercayaan diri siswa meningkat, mereka mencapai lebih dari level cukup dari skala likert dan 78.5% siswa bisa memproduksi dua kalimat untuk mendeskripsikan satu gambar. Hasil penelitian juga menunjukkan bahwa prosedur dari teknik talking circle yang efektif adalah: (1) guru menjelaskan aturan teknik talking circle dan memberikan contoh, (2) guru mengelompokkan siswa, masing- masing kelompok terdiri dari 4 siswa dan maksimal 5 siswa (3) setiap kelompok duduk melingkar, (4) guru memberikan “tongkat bicara” (talking stick), (5) guru memberikan satu gambar kepada setiap kelompok. Setiap kelompok akan memegang gambar tersebut, (6) anggota kelompok yang memegang “tongkat bicara akan bertanya untuk mndeskripsikan gambar. Apabila gambar sudah tertebak, siswa mendeskripsikan gambar, (7) siswa memberikan tongkat tersebut

kepada temannya searah dengan jarum jam. Hal tersebut terus berulang sampai semua siswa berbicara.

Dapat disimpulkan bahwa teknik talking circle telah terbukti mampu meningkatkan keaktifan siswa, kemampuan mendeskripsikan gambar dan kepercayaan diri siswa dalam berbicara bahasa arab setelah diadakan modifikasi-modifikasi.

ABSTRACT

This Research was designed to increase students’ involvement, their ability in describing picture and their self confidence when they were speaking Arabic using the talking circle technique. While the objective of this research was to find out how does the talking circle technique improves students’ involvement, their ability in describing picture and their self confidence when they were speaking Arabic. In this technique, the students were divided into small groups. Each group was given a "talking stick" (talking stick) and the pictures.

The Design of this research was classroom action research, in this case, researchers worked with the Arabic language teacher in designing lesson plan, implementing the action, analyzing data and doing reflection. Research was conducted in five cycles. The subject of this research was the students' of class I of senior high school al Munawariyah Bululawang Malang. Instruments of this research were the assessment of students, observation checklist, and field notes. Criterion of success of this research was students’ involvement, their ability in describing picture and their self confidence when they were speaking Arabic.

The Findings of research indicated that the criteria of success were not achieved as the researcher expected in this implementation in the cycle 1 up to cycle 3 where the percentage less than 50% of the criteria of success. Those criterions of success achieved in the fourth cycle, but the researcher would like to prove the effectiveness of this technique once again through the fifth cycle. The result indicated that 55% of the students can ask questions and 64% students could answer the questions, students' self-confidence increased, they reached more than adequate level of Likert scale and 78.5% students produced two sentences to describe the picture. It also showed that the effective procedures of the talking circle were: (1) The teacher explains the rules and talking circle techniques and give the modeling, (2) the teacher arranges the students into groups and each group consist of 4 students and approximately 5 students (3) each group to sit around, (4) teachers gave "a talking stick "in order to force the students to speak (5) The teacher gave a picture to each group. The leader of group held the picture, (6) the members of the group who held a talking stick had to ask questions to guess the picture. When the picture had been guessed, the students describe the picture, (7) the students passed the stick to the other friends in order to give the same opportunity to speak as the clockwise direction.

Based on the findings, it can be concluded that Talking Circle Technique has been proven to be able to increase students’ involvement, their ability in

describing picture and their self confidence when they were speaking Arabic after making some modifications.