Translation procedures from introduction to Karl Marx into marxisme: Analisis kritis

ABSTRACT

Translation nowadays plays the important role in international co ،imunication. The Translation has a function as a bridge relating one country to ar her, which has different language and culture. It also gives the contribution in wide spreading the technology and science so that the developing country can compete with the other developing country and the advanced world.

Recently, the translation of the books of science and technology in Indonesia is getting raised. Several things cause the need of the translation in the two fields. The first is that as a developing country., Indonesia wants to increase science and technology by the way of translating the foreign language books of science and technology into Indonesian. This is caused by the lack of Indonesian people’s mastery of foreign languages, especially English. Translation can participate in encouraging, increasing, and accelerating the transfer of science and technology, i.e., by translating the books of science and technology into Indonesian on a large scale.

The second is that most of the books of the two fields are written in foreign languages, especially in English while the consumers of such books feel difficult to get them in source languages. The third is that the capability of Indonesian scholars in writing their own works of the two fields is limited. It is difficult to find such works in many libraries in Indonesia. In around 1982s, the foreign or English books ill our libraries was about 75% while people that mastered English language, that could understand English scientific books were about 5 %.

Translation is a complicated activity. It requires some theories to be known by a translator. Furthermore, to acquire the skill in translation, someone needs to study these theories before he actually does the translation. The translation he is attempting to perform will be more effective in term of time and readable in term of content if he masters these theories.

One of the translation theories the translator should know is that of translation procedures. Translation procedures are the ways that are used by the translators to translate the source language text into the target language text. Translation procedures are the technical devices used to transfer the meaning of a text in one language into a text in another language.

Based on the explanation above, this research is aimed to answer one research problem, i.e., what kind of translation procedures used by the translator in translating a sentence from '٠Introduction to Karl Marx” into ،٠Marxisme: Analisis Kritis”? The researcher limits this research only in three, five and eight chapters of the data sources, i.e., the source language text Introduction to Karl Marx and the target language text Marxisms: Analisis Kritis.

This research is descriptive qualitative research because the data are in the form of sentences rather that numbers. The researcher uses descriptive qualitative design in which the data are analyzed and interpreted based on the theories of the translation procedures.

The research instrument is the researcher himself as the main instrument. To analyze the data, he uses the following steps. Those are (1) identifying the words, phrases or sentences in both source language and target language texts, (2) comparing each of the words, phrases, clauses or sentences in both source language and target language texts, (3) identifying the procedures used by translator, (4) discussing the procedures used to translate the source language into the target language ones, (5) summarizing the data obtained from research finding and discussion.

Based on the data presentation and discussion, it is concluded that in translating a sentence in Introduction to Karl Marx, the translator uses some translation procedures. In translating words, the translator applies transference or borrowing, cultural equivalence, synonym, recognized translation, reduction, and expansion. He also uses the procedures of transposition or shifting, addition, subtraction, and modulation. So, here the translators use ten procedures of translation. In translating phrases, the most common procedures to use are transposition or shifting and subtraction.