Disfungsi Keluarga sebagai faktor penyebab penyalahgunaan Narkotika pada Eks-Pecandu Narkotika di PRSPP Teratai Surabaya

ABSTRAK

Penyalahgunaan narkotika, penyebabnya sangat kompleks yang saling terkait satu dengan lainnya. Keluarga sebagai lembaga yang pertama kali dikenal oleh individu mempunyai peran yang sangat penting di dalam pra-sosialisasi anak sebagai anggota keluarga. Faktor keluarga yang dapat menyebabkan anak terlibat di dalam penyalahgunaan narkotika adalah gagalnya suatu atau beberapa anggota keluarga menjalankan kewajibannya. Kegagalan itu dapat ditafsirkan sebagai suatu disfungsi keluarga, yaitu pecahnya suatu unit keluarga atau terputusnya/retaknya suatu struktur peran sosial keluarga tersebut.

Tujuan diadakannya penelitian ini untuk mengetahui tingkat disfungsi keluarga sebagai faktor penyebab penyalahgunaan narkotika, hubungan antara disfungsi keluarga dengan penyalahgunaan narkotika di PRSPP “Teratai” Surabaya.

Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah semua eks-pecandu narkoba di PRSPP “Teratai” Surabaya yang berjumlah 65 orang. Populasi tersebut juga merupakan sampel penelitian, jadi sampelnya berupa sampel total (sampel populatif). Sedangkan teknik pengambilan data yang digunakan adalah metode quesioner berupa angket. Penilaian angket tersebut menggunakan skala likert.

Sedangkan hasil penelitian yang diperoleh peneliti adalah Tingkat disfungsi keluarga yang tergolong tinggi sebesar 29,2 % dengan 19 responden, tergolong sedang 47.7 % dengan responden 31 dan yang rendah sebesar 23.1 %2 dengan 15 responden. Faktor penyebab penyalahgunaan narkotika yang tergolong tinggi sebesar 30.8 % dengan 20 responden, sedang 46.2 % dengan 30 responden, dan yang rendah sebesar 23.1 % dengan 15 responden.

Hasil pengujian hipotesa menunjukkan bahwa nilai Che kwadrat 15.407 yang diperoleh, jauh berada di atas batas kemungkinan kesalahan teoritik, yaitu 9.488 pada taraf signifikan 5%. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa hipotesis nihil yang mengatakan bahwa disfungsi keluarga bukan sebagai penyebab penydahgunaan narkotika ditolak, dan menerima hipotesis kerja. Dengan demikian disfungsi keluarga merupakan faktor penyebab penyalahgunaan narkotika oleh eks-pecandu narkotika. Juga dapat disimpulkan bahwa ada hubungan yang signifikan antara disfungsi keluarga dengan penyalahgunaan narkotika oleh eks-pecendu narkotika.

ABSTRACT

Narcotic deviation, the trait of its causes is too complex, because it relates each other. The researcher assumes that one of the fundamental causes is the lack of communication in the family. Family as the first institution that is known by individuals takes an important role for the child’s pre-socialization as the member of the family. The factor of family that, can cause tile child in narcotic deviation is the failure of the member of the family in doing their obligatory. That failure can be interpreted as the familial disfunction. It means that the broken home of a family or the lost of structure of social roles in that family.

There are three objectives of this research. The first, to know the degree of familial disfunction for the ex of narcotic addicts. The second, to know the degree of deviation narcotic tendency for ex of narcotic addicts, ','he third, to know the relationship between familial disfunction and the tendency formers narcotic deviation to ex of narcotic addicts in prspp “teratai” Surabaya.

This research is quantitative research, that is, the form of its data is in the form of number that consists of two variables, i.e. free variable (X) for familial disfunction and tied variable (X) for narcotic deviation tendency. While for the population of this research are the entire of the former addicts in PRSPP “Teratai” Surabaya for about 65 persons. This population is also used for the sample of the research. Then, the technique of data collection that is used in this research is by using questionnaire. The evaluation of this questionnaire uses Likert’s scale. After that, the researcher examines the validity that has an aim to examine each item of the statements. Furthermore, she conducts the reliability examination that has an aim to know how far the result of the measurement that this tool is believable. To look for reliability, she uses Alpha Chronbach’s tecnique. Then, to see the relationship between the familial disfunction and the narcotic deviation tendency, so the technique of data analysis that she uses is the technique of Karl Pearson's correlation product of rough number moment.

Moreover, there arc three research findings that the researcher derives in this research. The first, the highest degree of familial disfunction is 52,3 % from 34 respondents. While for the lowest degree of familial disfunction is 20 %% from 13 respondents. Based on this finding, the researcher can conclude that family have the important functions and roles to shape the children personality. Beside that, the family also have the main function that consist of fillfilling the biological and emotional needs, education of socialization, economic, and social control. The second, the highest degree of naicotic deviation degree is 43 % from 28 respondents. While for the lowest degree of narcotic deviation degree is 3,1 % from 2 respondents. The third, the researcher finds that there is correlation between familial disfunction and narcotic deviation tendency by seeing the result of significance value 5 ٠؟ and 1 %. From this significance value, she gets value of correlation coefficient r: 0,484 and the value of determinant coefficient r is 0,234, the value for I table of 5% is 0,224 and the value for r table of 1% is 0,317. Based on these findings, she can conclude that there is positive correlation between familial disfunction and narcotic deviation tendency in PRSPP “Teratai” Surabaya. For p 0,000 means that the chance of Its mistake is 0 %. So, the value of accepting these research findings is 100 % that shows significant correlation.