The living Qur’an: Studi kasus tradisi sema’an Al-Qur’an sabtu legi di masyarakat Sooko Ponorogo

ABSTRAK

Seiring perkembangan zaman, kajian al-Qur’an mengalami perkembangan wilayah kajian. Dari kajian teks menjadi kajian sosial-budaya, yang menjadikan masyarakat agama sebagai obyek kajiannya yang sering disebut dengan kajian The Living Qur’an.Tradisi sema’an al-Qur’an adalah salah satu dari sekian banyak fenomena umat Islam dalam menghidupkan atau menghadirkan al-Qur’an dalam kehidupan sehari-hari. Tradisi ini oleh sebagian umat Islam Indonesia telah begitu membudaya bahkan berkembang terutama di kalangan santri dan juga masyarakat tertentu, sehingga tradisi ini telah membentuk suatu entitas budaya setempat seperti yang terdapat di masyarakat Sooko Ponorogo. Tradisi sema’an al-Qur’an ini mendapat perhatian khusus dan menjadi daya tarik tersendiri bagi masyarakat Sooko sesuai motif dan pandangan mereka. Dengan latar sosial keagamaan serta budayanya tentu masyarakat muslim Sooko memiliki pemahaman dan pemaknaan tertentu.

Fokus penelitian ini adalah mengenai perspektif masyarakat terhadap sema’an al-Qur’an Sabtu Legi di Sooko Ponorogo yang dirumuskan dalam bentuk beberapa pertanyaan sebagaimana berikut: 1) Bagaimana praktik tradisi sema’an al-Qur’an Sabtu Legi di Sooko Ponorogo? 2) Bagaimana motivasi jama’ah dalam melaksanakan sema’an al-Qur’an Sabtu Legi di Sooko Ponorogo? 3) Bagaimana makna tradisi sema’an al-Qur’an Sabtu Legi perspektif jama’ah sema’an al-Qur’an Sabtu Legi di Sooko Ponorogo?

Penelitian ini dirancang dengan metode kualitatif karena data yang dihasilkan berupa kata-kata dan tindakan. Dalam menggali data, instrumen yang digunakan adalah wawancara mendalam, observasi dan studi atas dokumen terkait seperti foto atau rekaman. Analisis data yang digunakanpeneliti menurut Miles dan Haberman yakni reduksi data, display data dan penarikan kesimpulan. Teknik pengecekan keabsahan data peneliti melakukan perpanjangan keikutsertaan dan trianggulasi sumber maupun metode.Untuk menjawab fokus penelitian, peneliti menggunakan pendekatan fenomenologi.

Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah: (1) Praktik tradisi sema’an al-Qur’an Sabtu Legi di Sooko Ponorogo adalah suatu praktik menghidupkan al-Qur’an di masyarakat Sooko Ponorogo yang dilaksanakan setiap selapan (35 hari) sekali atau dua kali selapanbi al-naz}ar berlokasi menetap di Masjid Baitul Mukarrom Kalimangu Sooko dan dua kali selapan sema’an bi al-ghaib secara bergilir dari satu desa ke desa lain se-Kecamatan Sooko dengan rangkaian acara mujahadah pada hari Jum’at Kliwon ba’da maghrib hingga selesai, proses sema’an al-Qur’an hingga khatam, dilanjutkan dhikr al-ghafilin, mau’iz}ah hasanah dan diakhiri dengan do’a khatmul Qur’an. (2) Motivasi masyarakat dalam melaksanakan sema’an al-Qur’an Sabtu Legi di Sooko Ponorogo secara keseluruhan ialah motif agama dan non agama, yakni: a) menjaga dan melestarikan hafalan al-Qur’an b) belajar al-Qur’an c) memperoleh hidayah d) shafa’at al-Qur’an, e) pahala dan berkah al-Qur’an, f) ketenangan batin dan obat hati, dan g) obat jasmani. (3) Makna tradisi sema’an al-Qur’an Sabtu Legi perspektif masyarakat Sooko Ponorogo secara fenomenologis dari makna satu melahirkan makna selanjutnya yang lebih dalam, yakni 1) hiburan religius 2) sarana ukhuwah 3) media dakwah 4) sebagai penolak balak 5) sarana bermunajat kepada Allah 6) sarana dhikir dan taqarrub (mendekatkan diri) kepada Allah 7) pendidikan spiritual.

ABSTRACT

Over time, the study of the Qur'an is experiencing the development of areas of study. From the study of socio-cultural studies into text, which makes the community religion as its object. This study is often referred to as the study of The Living of the Qur'an. Sema'an Qur'an tradition is one of the many phenomena of muslims in turn present the Qur'an in everyday life. This tradition has live by some muslims in Indonesia has been so widespread even growing especially among students and also a certain community, so this tradition has established a local cultural entities such as those on community Sooko, Ponorogo. The tradition of sema'anQur'an got special attention and became the attraction for the community of Sooko, so enthusiastic community in doing so is very high. Against the backdrop of religious and social customs of the muslim community would certainly have a different understanding of Sooko anyway.

The focus of this study is about the perspective of the community against the sema'an Qur'an Saturday Legi in Sooko, Ponorogo formulated in the form of the question as follows: 1) how to practice the tradition of sema'an Qur'anSaturday Legi Sooko, Ponorogo's? 2) how society motivation in performing sema'an Qur'an Saturday Legi in Sooko, Ponorogo? 3) how meaning tradition sema'an Qur'an Saturday Legi perspective jama'ah sema'an Qur'an Saturday Legi in Sooko, Ponorogo?

The study was designed with a qualitative method because the resulting data in the form of words and action. In digging the data, the instruments used are in-depth interviews, observation and study on related documents such as photographs or recordings. The researchers used data analysis according to Miles and Haberman it’s datadisplay, data reduction and withdrawal of the conclusion. Data validity checking techniques researchers doing extension and triangular participation source or method. To answer the focus of research, researchers are using the approach of Phenomenology.

The results of this study are: (1) the practice of tradition sema'an Qur'an Saturday Legi in Sooko, Ponorogo is a practice of switching on the Qur'an in the community which held every Sooko, Ponorogo selapan (35 days) once or twice selapan by reading is located resides in the mosque Baitul Mukarrom Kalimangu Sooko and twice by memorize in passes from one village to another village sub district of Sooko with a series of events on Friday Kliwon is mujahadah after maghrib until finished so continue with sema'an Qur'an process to finished and followed by zikir ghafilin, speech ends with du'a khatmul Qur’an. (2) in carrying out community motivation sema'an Qur'an Saturday Legi in Sooko, Ponorogo overall is religious and non religious motives, namely: a) keeping and preserving memorizing the Qur'an b) studied the Qur'an c) getting guidance d) shafa'at Qur'an, e) reward and a blessing of the Qur'an, f) inner calm and cures of the heart, and g) of physical medicine. (3) the meaning of the Qur'an sema'an tradition Saturday Legi community perspective phenomenological basis of Sooko, Ponorogo the meaning one gives birth to the next deeper meaning, namely: 1) religious entertainment 2) media of brotherhood 3) media of dakwah 4) means for praying to God 5) means dhikir and taqarrub (closer) to God and 6)spiritual education.