Hasanah, Anis aridatul (2016) Transesterifikasi minyak hasil samping industri pengalengan ikan dengan variasi penambahan katalis KOH/zeolit alam. Undergraduate thesis, Universitas Islam Negeri Maulana Malik Ibrahim.
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Abstract
INDONESIA:
Biodiesel merupakan bahan bakar alternatif pengganti solar yang dapat diperbaharui. Pemanfaatan minyak hasil samping industri pengalengan ikan sebagai bahan baku biodiesel dapat mengatasi masalah pembuangan limbah cair dan juga menurunkan harga jual biodiesel. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melakukan transesterifikasi minyak ikan menggunakan katalis KOH/zeolit alam. Pembuatan metil ester melalui transesterifikasi menggunakan katalis zeolit alam Malang yang diaktivasi menggunakan larutan HCl dan impregnasi dengan larutan basa KOH. Proses transesterifikasi dilakukan selama 3 jam pada suhu 60 oC dengan rasio mol minyak dan metanol (1:12) dan katalis dengan variasi 5 %, 10 %, dan 15 % b/b total reaktan. Metil ester yang diperoleh dilakukan analisis kimia yang meliputi kadar air, angka asam, massa jenis, angka iod, dan GCMS untuk mengetahui komposisi metil ester hasil transesterifikasi. Rendemen metil ester diperoleh sebesar 94,49% pada penambahan katalis 5 %, 87,04% pada penambahan katalis 10 %, dan 85,10% pada penambahan katalis 15 %. Biodiesel 5%, 10%, dan 15% berturut-turut memiliki kadar air sebesar 6,1 %, 4,8 %, dan 5,1 %; angka asam sebesar 0,86 mg KOH/g, 0,61 mg KOH/g, 0,79 mg KOH/g; massa jenis sebesar 0,878 gr/mL, 0,878 gr/mL, dan 0,869 gr/mL; dan angka iod sebesar 113,2 mg I2/100 g; 126,1 mg I2/100 g; dan 131,2 mg I2/100 g. Analisis GCMS memperoleh 7 senyawa metil ester yang berpotensi sebagai biodiesel.
ENGLISH:
Biodiesel is an alternative diesel fuel that can be renewed. Utilization of fish oil from liquid waste fish canning industry as material for biodiesel can reduce the problem of liquid waste disposal and lower the selling price of biodiesel. This study aims to do transesterification of fish oil use catalyst KOH/natural zeolite. Production of methyl ester through transesterification using catalyst natural zeolite Malang which activated using HCl solution and impregnation use KOH solution. The transesterification process is done for 3 hours at temperatures 60 °C with at a 1:12 molar ratio of fish oil to methanol and a catalyst with variety of 5 %, 10 %, and 15 %. Transesterification’s produk do chemical analysed was water content, acid number, density, iodine value, and GCMS to determine the composition of methyl esters. The yield of methyl ester is 94.49 % on the addition of a catalyst 5 %, 87.04 % on the addition of a catalyst 10 %, and 85.10 % on the addition of a catalyst 15 %. Methyl ester 5 %, 10 % and 15 % had a water content were 6.1 %, 4.8 % and 5.1 %; the acid number were 0.86 mg KOH/g, 0.61 mg KOH/g, 0.79 mg KOH/g; the density were 0.878 g/mL, 0.878 g/mL, and 0.869 g/mL; and iodine value were 113.2 mg I2/100 g; 126.1 mg I2/100 g; and 131.2 mg I2/100 g. GCMS analysis resulting 7 methyl esters.
Item Type: | Thesis (Undergraduate) | |||||||||
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Supervisor: | Ningsih, Rachmawati and Abtokhi, Ahmad | |||||||||
Contributors: |
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Keywords: | minyak ikan; metil ester; transesterifikasi; zeolit alam Malang; fish oil; biodiesel; transesterification; natural zeolite Malang | |||||||||
Departement: | Fakultas Sains dan Teknologi > Jurusan Kimia | |||||||||
Depositing User: | Heni Kurnia Ningsih | |||||||||
Date Deposited: | 22 Dec 2016 15:42 | |||||||||
Last Modified: | 22 Dec 2016 15:42 | |||||||||
URI: | http://etheses.uin-malang.ac.id/id/eprint/5468 |
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