Catherine’s struggle to be free from Oopression in Ernest Hemingway’s “A Farewell to Arms

INDONESIA:

Feminisme adalah gerakan politik dan intelektual untuk pembebasan sosial dan politik perempuan yang telah ada dalam konfigurasi yang berbeda sejak abad ke-18 (Larsson, 1997). Cabang feminisme ini muncul di Eropa pada tahun 1960 dengan fokus pada peran kekerasan laki-laki terhadap perempuan, prostitusi dan ketidaksetaraan antara jenis kelamin. Dalam feminisme radikal, penindasan sistematis perempuan dengan laki-laki adalah pusat dan pola pikir superioritas laki-laki diserang dan kemerdekaan seluruh wanita disebutkan (Ostholm, 2006). Dalam penelitian ini, peneliti menganalisis penindasan karakter utama yang menderita dan berjuang. Terutama karakter wanita dalam novel A Farewell to Arms. Analisis ini dilihat dari sudut pandang feminis. Perjuangan dari tokoh utama yang bernama Catherine Barkley, yang dijelaskan sebagai wanita modern pada waktu itu dan menolak untuk menikah setelah diminta untuk menikah dalam beberapa kali. Dia membela kehamilannya oleh pekerjaan tertentu sebagai perawat di rumah sakit. Sesuai dengan masalah peneliti menggunakan teori feminisme sebagai sebuah teori untuk menganalisis novel ini, dalam analisis ini peneliti mencoba untuk mengeksplorasi ide feminisme yang berfokus pada penindasan. ide ini dieksplorasi oleh seorang wanita karakter di sini, Catherine Barkley. Penelitian ini menemukan bahwa Catherine Barkley selalu ingin tampil sempurna dalam segala kinerja, berarti dia ingin diakui sebagai wanita yang kuat. Dia mungkin berjuang melawan penindasan tanpa menunjukkan kepada publik. jadi dia menolak untuk menikah meskipun ia dalam kondisi hamil. Untuk memenuhi kebutuhan ekonomi dalam hidupnya, dia masih bekerja seperti biasanya. Perjuangan dan keputusan Catherine Barkley dalam status ketidakpastian dengan pasangannya menjadi fokus dalam analisis ini.

Berdasarkan pertimbangan diatas, peneliti merumuskan rumusan masalah: (1) Apa penindasan yang diderita oleh Catherine? (2) Bagaimana perjuangan Catherine melawan penindasan? Peneliti menggunakan kritik feminis sastra untuk menjawab pernyataan dari masalah di atas, terutama berfokus pada penindasan perempuan dan perjuangan. Selain itu, peneliti menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dalam menganalisis data. Ini adalah studi sastra karena memiliki tujuan untuk memahami dan karya sastra nilai penulis. Peneliti melakukan diskusi sastra termasuk deskripsi, analisis, dan interpretasi. Ada beberapa langkah yang telah dilakukan peneliti untuk mengumpulkan data. Langkah pertama adalah membaca novel secara rinci untuk menentukan informasi kebutuhan. Langkah kedua adalah menerapkan metode dalam menganalisis karya sastra. Setelah pengumpulan data, langkah berikutnya untuk mengumpulkan analisis data adalah mengkaji, menafsirkan, menjelaskan, membandingkan, dan mengevaluasi data.

Temuan Peneliti mengungkapkan bahwa: dari lima jenis penindasan dalam novel ini hanya ditemukan tiga jenis penindasan, yaitu kekerasan fisik, kekerasan psikis dan ketidakberdayaan yang dialami Catherine. Berdasarkan data yang diperoleh dari novel, ia dianggap oleh masyarakat bahwa dia seperti pelacur. Data menunjukkan bahwa dia melakukan hubungan dengan Henry adalah berlebihan dan menyebabkan ia hamil. Dalam data ketidakberdayaan yang ditampilkan, banyak data bahwa Catherine mangalami beban mental karena ia telah kehilangan tunangan dan temannya selama delapan tahun namun ia akhirnya meninggalkan dia, dan bagaimana dia menahan rasa sakit ketika operasi caesar untuk menyelamatkan dirinya dan bayinya. Dia merasa tak berdaya dan sakit jika dipisahkan oleh henry.

ENGLISH:

Feminism is a political and intellectual movement for women’s social and political liberation that has existed in different configurations since the 18th century (Larsson, 1997). This branch of feminism emerged in Europe in the 1960’s with focus on the role of male violence against women, prostitution and inequalities between the genders. In radical feminism, the systematic oppression of women by men is central and the mindset of male superiority is attacked and liberation of all women is called for (Ostholm, 2006). In this study, the researcher analyzes the main character’s oppression suffered and struggle. Especially woman character in A Farewell to Arms novel. This analysis is viewed from the feminist point of view. The struggle from the main character, the name is Catherine Barkley, that is explained as a modern woman at that time, that refuses to marry after being asked to marry in some times. She defends her pregnancy by certain work as a nurse in hospital. In accordance with the problems the researcher uses feminism theory as a theory to analyze this novel, in this analysis the researcher tries to explore feminism idea focuses on oppression. This idea is explored by woman character here, Catherine Barkley. This research finds that Catherine Barkley always wants to look perfect in every performance, means that she want to be admitted as a strong women. She may struggle against oppression without showing to the public. so she refuses to marry although she is in pregnant condition. To fulfill her economic necessity in her life, she still works like usual. The struggle and the decision of Catherine Barkley in a uncertain status with her spouse becomes a focus in this analysis.

Feminism is a political and intellectual movement for women’s social and political liberation that has existed in different configurations since the 18th century (Larsson, 1997). This branch of feminism emerged in Europe in the 1960’s with focus on the role of male violence against women, prostitution and inequalities between the genders. In radical feminism, the systematic oppression of women by men is central and the mindset of male superiority is attacked and liberation of all women is called for (Ostholm, 2006). In this study, the researcher analyzes the main character’s oppression suffered and struggle. Especially woman character in A Farewell to Arms novel. This analysis is viewed from the feminist point of view. The struggle from the main character, the name is Catherine Barkley, that is explained as a modern woman at that time, that refuses to marry after being asked to marry in some times. She defends her pregnancy by certain work as a nurse in hospital. In accordance with the problems the researcher uses feminism theory as a theory to analyze this novel, in this analysis the researcher tries to explore feminism idea focuses on oppression. This idea is explored by woman character here, Catherine Barkley. This research finds that Catherine Barkley always wants to look perfect in every performance, means that she want to be admitted as a strong women. She may struggle against oppression without showing to the public. so she refuses to marry although she is in pregnant condition. To fulfill her economic necessity in her life, she still works like usual. The struggle and the decision of Catherine Barkley in a uncertain status with her spouse becomes a focus in this analysis.

The researcher finding reveals that: from five kinds of oppression in this novel only found three kinds of oppression, those are physical violence, psychological violence and powerlessness experienced by Catherine. Based on data obtained from the novel that is she is considered by the public that she was like a whore. As the data indicated that she had intercourse with Henry was excessive and caused it to become pregnant. in the data powerlessness shown many data that Catherine burden of mental because he had lost his fiancée and friend for eight years but he finally abandoned him, and how he endured the pain when a caesarean section to save her and her baby. She feels helpless and in pain if separated by henry.