Model Pembelajaran Pendidikan Agama Islam dalam pembinaan mental narapidana: Studi multikasus di Lembaga Pemasyarakatan Klas I Malang dan Lembaga Pemasyarakatan Wanita Klas II-A Malang

ABSTRAK

Penggantian istilah “penjara” menjadi “Lembaga Pemasyarakatan” tentu megandung maksud baik, yaitu pemberian maupun pengayoman warga binaan tidak hanya terfokus pada itikad menghukum (Funitif Intend) saja, melainkan lebih berorientasi pada tindakan-tindakan yang lebih manusiawi dan disesuaikan dengan kondisi dari warga binaan itu. Pemasyarakatan dinyatakan sebagai suatu sistem pembinaan terhadap para pelanggar hukum dan sebagai suatu keadilan yang bertujuan untuk mencapai reintegrasi sosial atau pulihnya kesatuan hubungan antara warga binaan pemasyarakatan dengan masyarakat. Pembinaan kepada narapidana bertujuan untuk memberikan seperangkat bekal hidup, baik bekal pengetahuan, keterampilan, maupun bekal mental spiritual untuk menambahkan kesadaran mereka, sehingga mampu menjadi warga masyarakat Indonesia yang baik dan berguna serta tidak terisolir dalam menjalani kehidupannya di tengah masyarakat. Fungsi pendidikan khusus yang dilaksanakan di Lapas, terletak pada fungsi yang diembannya, yaitu penyelenggaraan porses penyadaran dan readjustment bagi para napi (orang-orang yang pernah melakukan pelanggaran hokum, bukan orang biasa), agar mereka tidak melanggar ketetapan hukum dan norma-norma yang dianut masyarakat. Kedua LP tersebut juga telah mendapat ISO 9001:2008, karena dianggap mampu memberikan pelayanan yang baik terhadap narapidana.

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengungkapkan model pendidikan agama Islam dalam rangka pembinaan mental narapidana di LP Klas I Malang dan LP Wanita II-A Malang, dengan sub fokus mencakup: (1) materi pendidikan agama Islam dan (2) model pembelajaran pendidikan agama Islam dalam pembinaan mental narapidana, di LP Klas I Malang dan LP Wanita II-A Malang.

Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan rancangan studi multikasus. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan teknik wawancara mendalam, observasi partisipatif dan dokumentasi. Teknik analisis data meliputi reduksi data, penyajian data dan penarikan kesimpulan, pengecekan keabsahan data temuan dilakukan dengan cara perpanjangan keikutsertaan peneliti; teknik triangulasi dengan menggunakan berbagai sumber, teori dan metode dan ketekunan pengamatan. Informan penelitian, yaitu Kasie Binadik LP Wanita Klas II-A

Malang, Ibu Lilik Sulistyowati, SH,M.Hum Kasubsie Bimkeswat LP Wanita Klas II-A Malang, Ibu Martiningsih, SH, Kaur Umum LP Wanita Klas II-A Malang, Ibu E. Ninik R, S.Sos., Kaur Kepegawaian & KU LP Wanita Klas II-A Malang, Ibu Indiyah Yuniastuti, SE, Kasi. Bimkemas LP Klas I Malang, Bapak Drs. Mulyadi Pratondo M, Pelaksana Sie Bimkemasy LP Klas I Malang, Bapak Djoko Waluyo, S.Psi, Staf Bimkemasy LP Klas I Malang, Bapak Khoirul Anam, Kepala KPSD LP Klas I Malang, penyuluh agama dan beberapa narapidana.

Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: Berdasarkan paparan data dan diskusi hasil penelitian di atas, maka dapat ditarik kesimpulan bahwa: (1) Materi pendidikan agama Islam yang disampaikan kepada narapidana di LP Klas I Malang dan LP Wanita Klas II-A Malang adalah tentang keimanan (ketauhidan), dan akhlak; (2) Model pendidikan agama Islam dalam pembinaan mental narapidana yang dilakukan di LP Klas I Malang dan LP Wanita Klas II-A Malang adalah model modifikasi tingkah laku. Hal tersebut mengacu dari beberapa aspek diantaranya, pendekatan pembelajaran yang dilakukan di LP Klas I Malang dan LP Wanita Klas II-A Malang adalah pendekatan fungsional dan pendekatan emosional. Strategi pembelajaran yang dilaksanakan di LP Klas I Malang dan LP Wanita Klas II-A Malang adalah strategi pembelajaran Afektif, strategi pembelajaran CTL, dan strategi pembelajaran berbasis masalah. Sedangkan metode pembelajaran di LP Klas I Malang dan LP Wanita Klas II-A Malang menggunakan beberapa metode diantaranya metode ceramah, metode demonstrasi, metode Jesuit, metode Parabel, sistem monitoring dan metode Herbart. Pelaksanaan pembelajaran PAI di LP Klas I Malang dan LP Wanita Klas II-A Malang menggunakan tehnik individual dan menggunakan evaluasi diagnostik.

ABSTRACT

Replacement of the term "prison" to " Correctional Institute " of course if you lack good intentions, the administration and guardianship prisoners are not only focused on the good faith judgment alone, but more oriented actions are more humane and adapted to the conditions of prisoners it. Correctional expressed as a system of supervision to offenders and as a justice that aims to achieve social reintegration or restoration of the unity of the relationship between prisoners and the community. Guidance to inmates aims to provide a set of live stock, good stock of knowledge, skills, mental and spiritual provision to add their consciousness, so as to become Indonesian citizens are good and useful, and not in living isolated lives in the community. Special education functions carried out in prisons, lies in the function to which it aspires, namely the implementation of porses awareness and readjustment of the prisoner (the people who have committed violations of law, not ordinary people), so they do not violate legal provisions and norms adopted society. Both Correctional Institute has also got ISO 9001:2008, for being able to provide good services to the inmates.

This study aims to reveal the model of Islamic education in order to develop mental inmates in Correctional Institute and Correctional Institute Class I Malang Women II-A Malang, with sub focus include: (1) Islamic educational materials and (2) learning model of Islamic education in coaching mental inmates, Correctional Institute and Correctional Institute Class I Malang Women II-A Malang, (3) Mental condition of prisoner in Correctional Institute and Correctional Institute Class I Malang Women II-A Malang.

This study used a qualitative approach to study design multicases. Data collection was done by using in-depth interviews, participant observation and documentation. Data analysis techniques include data reduction, data presentation and conclusion, the findings of checking the validity of the data is done by the extension of the participation of researchers; triangulation techniques using a variety of sources, theories and methods of observation and perseverance. Informants research, namely Kasie Binadik Women Correctional Institute Class II-A Malang, Mrs. Lilik Sulistyowati, SH, M.Hum, Kasubsie Bimkeswat Women Correctional Institute Class II-A Malang, Mrs. Martiningsih, SH, General Kaur Women Correctional Institute Class II-A Malang, Mrs. E . Ninik R, S.Sos., Kaur Staffing & KU Women Correctional Institute Class II-A Malang, Mrs. Indiyah Yuniastuti, SE, Kasi. Bimkemas Correctional Institute Class I Malang, Mr. Drs.

Mulyadi Pratondo M, Sie Bimkemasy Executive Correctional Institute Class I Malang, Mr. Djoko Waluyo, S.Psi, Bimkemasy Staff Correctional Institute Class I Malang, Mr. Khoirul Anam, Head of KPSD Correctional Institute Class I Malang, religious counselors and some of the inmates.

The results showed that: Based on exposure data and discussion of the above results, it can be concluded that: (1) Islamic Educational material delivered to inmates in Malang Correctional Institute Class I and Women Correctional Institute Class II-A Malang is about faith (monotheism ), and morals, (2) model of Islamic education in mental development of prisoners conducted in Malang Correctional Institute Class I and Women Correctional Institute Class II-A Malang is a model of behavior modification. It refers to some aspects of them, the learning approach taken in Malang Correctional Institute Class I and Women Correctional Institute Class II -A Malang is the functional approach and emotional approach. Learning strategies implemented in Correctional Institute Class I Malang and Women Correctional Institute Class II-A Malang is affective learning strategies, learning strategies CTL, and problem-based learning strategies. While learning methods in Correctional Institute Class I and Women Correctional Institute Class II-A Malang using several methods such as lecture method, demonstration method, Jesuit method, Parables methods, monitoring systems and Herbart methods. Implementation of Islamic learning in Malang Correctional Institute Class I and Women Correctional Institute Class II -A Malang using individual techniques and using the diagnostic evaluation. (3) mental state inmates after holding the Islamic education learning models in Correctional Institute Class I Malang and Women Correctional Institute Class II-A Malang, has the development in accordance with the vision and mission of both the Correctional Institute, include good moral prisoners, have discipline and responsible and full devotion, has a spirit of solidarity and tolerance, more confident and always respect others, tawadhu’, always communicating well with his fellow prisoners as well as officers and trusees of religion.