Sulistyowati, Yuni (2011) Sintesis dan Karakterisasi Sabun Besi melalui Reaksi Trans-Saponifikasi Sabun Barium dari Minyak Kelapa Sawit. Undergraduate thesis, Universitas Islam Negeri Maulana Malik Ibrahim.
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Abstract
ABSTRAK
Pembuatan sabun dilakukan dengan melakukan reaksi saponifikasi. Dalam perkembangannya sabun mulai dibuat dari logam transisi melalui reaksi trans- saponifikasi. Tujuan penelitian adalah mengetahui karakteristik sabun barium yang diperoleh melalui reaksi saponifikasi dan karakteristik sabun besi yang diperoleh melalui reaksi trans-saponifikasi sabun barium dengan FeCl3.6H2O, serta mengetahui warna nyala lilin setelah ditambahkan sabun barium dan sabun besi.
Penelitian ini mencangkup 3 tahap yakni: (1) Sintesis, yaitu sintesis sabun barium melalui reaksi saponifikasi Ba(OH)2.8H2O dengan minyak kelapa sawit, sintesis sabun besi melalui reaksi trans-saponifikasi sabun barium dengan FeCl3.6H2O; (2) karakterisasi, meliputi penentuan titik lebur, penentuan kualitatif ion logam dengan uji kimia, penentuan kuantitatif unsur dengan XRF (X-Ray Fluoroscence), penentuan senyawa dengan XRD (X-Ray Diffraction), uji kelarutan, serta uji nyala kawat nikrom; (3) Aplikasi sabun sebagai bahan adisi pewarna nyala lilin dengan perbandingan 10 %, 20 %, dan 30 %.
Hasil penelitian adalah: (1) Sabun barium berwarna putih kekuningan, tidak larut dalam air dan gliserol, sedikit larut dalam etanol, n-butanol, n-heksana, memiliki titik lebur 240 – 242 oC; Efisiensi sintesis 66,37 %, analisis kualitatif Ba2+ dalam sabun menunjukkan terdapat ion Ba2+ dalam sabun, kadar relatif barium analisa XRF sebesar 96,2 %; uji nyala dengan kawat nikrom memiliki warna kuning pucat; warna nyala terbaik dalam parafin pada konsentrasi 20 %. (2) Sabun besi berwarna merah kecoklatan, tidak larut dalam air dan gliserol, sedikit larut dalam etanol, n-butanol, n-oktanol, n-heksana, memiliki titik leleh sebesar 150 – 156 oC; Efisiensi sintesis 65,6 %; analisis kualitatatif menunjukkan terdapatnya Ba2+, Cl-, Fe3+; kadar relatif besi berdasarkan analisa XRF sebesar 8,38 % dan barium sebesar 88,8 %; analisis XRD menunjukkan besi tidak mensubstitusi sempurna barium; uji nyala sabun besi dengan kawat nikrom menghasilkan warna kuning sedangkan uji nyala terbaik sabun besi dalam parafin terdapat dalam konsentrasi 30%.
ABSTRACT
Soap-making process carried out by saponification reaction. In this time the manufacture of soap began to be made from metals that have higher valences than the metals such as sodium and potassium, the process of making soap is called of trans-saponification reaction. This research purpose to determine characteristics of barium soap obtained through saponification reaction and characteristics of the metal soaps obtained by of trans- saponification reaction FeCl3.6H2O with barium soap, and to know the color of the flame after a barium soap and soap added iron.
This study covers three stages: (1) Synthesis, synthesis of barium soap through a saponification reaction of Ba(OH)2.8H2O with palm oil, the second stage of the synthesis of metal soap by trans- saponification reaction barium soap with FeCl3.6H2O, (2) characterization, including determination of melting point, the qualitative determination of metal ions with chemical testing, quantitative determination compound using XRF (X-Ray Fluoroscence), determination compound using XRD (X-Ray Diffraction), solubility test, the flame nikrom wire test, (3) Application of compounds synthesized as a candle flame colour addition the proportion of 10 %, 20 %, and 30 %.
The results are: (1) Barium soap yellowish white, insoluble in water and glycerol, slightly soluble in ethanol, n-butanol, n-hexane, has a melting point 240 – 242oC; Efficiency synthesis is 66.37%, qualitative analysis of Ba2+ the soap show Ba2+ ions contained in the soap, XRF analysis showed barium on soap 92,6 %, the test flame nikrom and wax has a pale yellow color, barium soap produces the best color flame in paraffin at a concentration 20 %. (2) Iron soap brownish red, insoluble in water and glycerol, slightly soluble in ethanol, n-butanol, n- hexane, has a melting point of 150 – 156 oC; Efficiency synthesis is 65,6 %, XRF analysis showed that iron soap had 8,38 % iron and 88,38% barium; XRD analysis showed iron substitution are small. Flame test nikrom and candles produce a yellow flame test best soap while the iron in the paraffin contained in a concentration of 30 %.
Item Type: | Thesis (Undergraduate) | |||||||||
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Supervisor: | Dewi, Diana Candra and Adi, Tri Kustono | |||||||||
Contributors: |
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Keywords: | Trans-Saponifikasi; Karboksilat; Senyawa besi; Minyak Kelapa Sawit; Trans-saponification; Carboxilid Acid; Iron Soap; Palm Oil | |||||||||
Departement: | Fakultas Sains dan Teknologi > Jurusan Kimia | |||||||||
Depositing User: | Koko Prasetyo | |||||||||
Date Deposited: | 30 Mar 2023 14:27 | |||||||||
Last Modified: | 30 Mar 2023 14:27 | |||||||||
URI: | http://etheses.uin-malang.ac.id/id/eprint/49027 |
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