Keanekaragaman serangga pada perkebunan jambu biji semi organik dan anorganik Desa Bumiaji Kota Batu

ABSTRAK

Jambu biji merupakan tanaman hortikultura dan memiliki nilai komoditi tinggi, juga dapat tumbuh dengan lingkungan yang beriklim tropis seperti di Kota Batu. Aplikasi pestisida dapat menyebabkan matinya musuh alami yang mampu mengendalikan populasi hama pada perkebunan jambu biji. Penerapan sistem pertanian semi organik diharapkan mampu meningkatkan keanekaragaman serangga. Keanekaragaman serangga dapat digunakan sebagai indikator kestabilan ekosistem, sehingga penelitian ini bertujuan mengidentifikasi serangga, mengetahui keanekaragaman dan dominansi serangga pada perkebunan Jambu Biji Semi Organik dan Anorganik Desa Bumiaji Kota Batu.

Penelitian ini dilakukan pada perkebunan jambu biji seluas 480 m2. Pengamatan dengan menggunakan metode mutlak (Pengamatan Langsung) dan metode relatif (Perangkap Yellow Sticky Trap). Parameter yang diamati adalah Indeks Keanekaragaman Shannon Weaver (H), Indeks Dominansi Simpson (C), Indeks Kesamaan Dua Lahan Sorensen (Cs).

Hasil penelitian pada perkebunan semi organik ditemukan 9 ordo, 27 famili dan 1325 individu. Serangga herbivora (12 famili), predator (8 famili), scavenger (2 famili), parasitoid (2 famili), polinator (1 famili), dan pengurai (2 famili). Sedangkan pada perkebunan anorganik ditemukan 9 ordo, 23 famili dan 734 individu. Serangga herbivora (10 famili), predator (8 famili), scavenger (1 famili), parasitoid (1 famili), polinator (1 famili), dan pengurai (1 famili). Ada perbedaan Indeks keanekaragaman (H’) pada perkebunan semi organik dan anorganik dengan metode mutlak (langsung) pada lahan semi organik H’ (2,2) dan anorganik H’ (1,96), dengan metode relatif (yellow sticky traps) pada lahan semi organik H’ (2,27) dan anorganik (1,66).

ABSTRACT

Guava is a horticultural crops and high-value commodities, can also grow tropical environments such as Kota Batu. Application of pesticides can lead to the demise of natural enemies to control pest populations in guava plantations. Application of semi-organic farming systems is expected to increase the diversity of insects. Insect diversity can be used as an indicator of the stability of the ecosystem, so this study aimed at identifying insects, insect aware of diversity and dominance in oil Semi Guava Organic and Inorganic Bumiaji Batu village.

The research was conducted in the plantation area of 480 m2. Observation by the absolute method (direct observation) and the relative method (Yellow Sticky Traps Trap). Parameters measured were Shannon Weaver Diversity Index (H), Simpson dominance index (C), two Land Sorensen similarity index (Cs).

The results of research on semi-organic farm found 9 orders, 27 families and 1325 individuals. Herbivorous insects (12 families), predators (8 families), scavenger (2 families), parasitoids (2 families), pollinators (1 family), and decomposition (2 family). Whereas in inorganic farm found 9 orders, 23 families and 734 individuals. Herbivorous insects (10 families), predators (8 families), scavenger (1 families), parasitoids (1 family), pollinators (1 family), and decomposition (1 family). There are differences in diversity index (H ') on the estate of organic and inorganic semi-absolute method (direct) on organic semi field H' (2.2) and inorganic H '(1.96), with the relative method (yellow sticky traps) on soil organic semi H '(2.27) and inorganic (1.66).