Turn-taking strategies used by the characters of “2012”

ABSTRACT

By taking account Stenstrom’s theory, the researcher focuses on analyzing turn taking strategies used by the characters of 2012 movie. Turn taking strategy is the changing role of speaker and listener (Renkema, 1993:59). The aim of this research is to find out the types and function of turn taking used by the characters of 2012 movie.

The design of this research is descriptive qualitative. It describes types and functions of turn taking strategies used by the Character of 2012 movie. The data are words, phrases, clauses, and sentences that are used by characters when they are in panic condition and in several settings such as house, car, airport, plane, ark/spaceship, church, and Yellowstone. The data are analyzed firstly by choosing the event in various setting, identifying the characters’ dialogues which show turn taking strategy, classifying them into each strategy of turn taking, and then explaining and describing the utterance based on the categorization, including explaining the functional usage.

The findings of this research showed that the characters of 2012 movie used all types of turn taking strategies proposed by Stenstrom, those are: taking the turn strategy involves starting up which is divided into hesitant and clean start, taking over which is divided into uptakes and links, and interrupting which is divided into alert and metacomment; holding the turn includes filled pause/ verbal filler/ silent pause, lexical repetition, and new start; and yielding the turn divided into prompting, appealing, and giving up. Then the functions of turn taking strategies used in the movie are to take, hold and yield or relinquish the turn. Starting up, taking over, and interrupting used by the speaker to take the turn; filled pause/ verbal filler/ silent pause, lexical repetition, and new start are used to hold the turn; and prompting, appealing, and giving up are used to yield or relinquish the turn. The common type which is used by the characters is interrupting strategy especially alert type.

Based on the findings mentioned above, it is suggested for further research to analyze turn taking in different perspective, such as investigate turn taking from the perspective of tone choice between speakers that tone reflects the context of interaction and role relationship between participants. It can be analyzed by using David Brazil’s theory.