Formality of language spoken by multilingual speakers in Pondok Pesantren Al-Iman Putri Ponorogo

ABSTRACT

Language is not simply a means of communicating information about a subject being discussed, but it is also a very important means of establishing and maintaining relationships with other people. Language plays a crucial role in human life and also has many advantages of many various aspects of human life. It is obvious that the relationship between language and society can be seen in relation of certain language form, such as variation, or registers in its application in society. In this case, both speakers and hearers have a right to choose an appropriate language variation and register in accordance with its certain participant, purposes and occasions.

This research is focused on the five levels of formality spoken by multilingual speakers in Pondok Pesantren Al-Iman Putri Ponorogo which tend to subsume field, tenor and mode, and related them to its linguistic features in terms of lexical markers, grammatical markers and semantic markers of register which are used in their daily communication. It is very important since everyone does not always speak in exactly the same way. Therefore, it is very possible they use different register or style in different circumstance.

The descriptive qualitative research is used in this research. Therefore, the data are in the form of words and utterances, not in the form of number. After the data needed were collected, they were presented and analyzes based on the speech situation by Montgomery, linguistic features by Edward and five level of formality by Martin Joos, then describe the application of those five levels through their circumstance.

The result of this research shows that the researcher find all the whole five levels of formality in the utterances of multilingual speakers. Those are: intimate style and casual style are occurs in daily conversation, consultative style occurs in oral examination, deliberative style occurs in public speaking course and frozen style occurs in announcement. The multilingual speakers are put the linguistic features appropriately according to the speech situation on each circumstance.

Based on the result of the study, it is suggested that for the next researcher who conduct the same research to complete this research not only analyze the use of formality language which tends to subsume the speech situation and related them to the lexical, grammatical and semantic markers only, but also in other elements such as phonological markers in uttering the words or even the deep analyzes about grammatical markers.