Analysis of compliment responses used by the characters of “Shanghai Calling” Movie

ABSTRACT

Compliment is the expression which is used to give positive evaluation which commonly occurs in daily conversation among the speaker and the hearer to create the solidarity. The addressees of the compliment have their own ways in responding the compliment. It can be influenced by some factors, such as different gender, social status and culture.

Therefore, the researcher is interested in investigating about the compliment responses by the following research problems: (1) What are the types of compliment responses used by the characters in “Shanghai Calling” movie? and (2) How are compliment responses used by the characters in “Shanghai Calling” movie?

This research uses descriptive qualitative method to describe and explain compliment responses performed by the characters of the movie. The researcher uses four steps in analyzing the data. First, the researcher classified the data based on their types of compliment responses. Second, the researcher described the context of the data in which the compliment responses is used in the conversation. Third, the data were analyzed based on Herbert’s theory of compliment responses. The last, the researcher made conclusion from the result of analysis of compliment responses found in utterance of “Shanghai Calling” movie

There are seven types of compliment responses employed by the characters in “Shanghai Calling” movie. The types of compliment responses are analyzed by Herbert’s theory of compliment response. They are appreciation token, no acknowledgment, disagreement, praise downgrade, praise upgrade, comment acceptance and question. In responding to the compliment, most of the addressees accept the compliment by showing appreciation token types of compliment responses. It includes verbal and non-verbal acceptance. In verbal acceptance, the addresses deliver the word “thanks” to respond the speaker’s compliment. Moreover, non verbal acceptance is shown by giving smile as the response of the compliment. In the disagreement, the addressee’s view that the object complimented is not as a worthy of praise, for example, “not that scaring people is a good thing”. In praise downgrade, the addressees reduce the strong positive evaluation, for example, “it is just an ordinary car”. Meanwhile, in praise upgrade, the addressee accepts and asserts the compliment’s force, for example, “of course, I know it”. In the comment acceptance, the addressees accept and offer a relevant comment, for example, “yeah, we make it work”. In response of the question, the addressee questions the sincerity or the appropriateness of the compliment, for example: “really?”. Finally in no acknowledgment, the addresses give no indication of having heard the compliment, shift the topic or even give no response or just silent.

It is suggested to the next researches to analyze the compliment responses which are produced by different age groups and different genders. Since the data of this study are taken from the movie, the next researchers are recommended to use the data from other sources, such as the compliment responses which are used in social media, such as twitter, facebook, or friendster.

ABSTRAK

Pujian adalah suatu expresi yang digunkana untuk memberi penilian positif yang biasanya terjadi didalam percakapan sehari-hari antara pembicara dan pendengar untuk menciptakan solidaritas diantara mereka. Orang yang merima pujian mempunyai cara sendiri dalam merespon pujian. Hal itu bisa dipengaruhi oleh beberapa faktor, seperti perbedaan gender, status social, dan budaya.

Oleh karena itu, peneliti tertarik untuk meneliti tentang respon pujian dengan rumusan masalah seperti berikut ini: (1) Apa saja tipe dari respon pujian yang digunakan oleh karakter-karakter di film “Shanghai Calling”? dan (2) Bagaimana respon pujian digunakan oleh karakter-karakter di film “Shanghai Calling”?

Penelitian ini mengunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif untuk mendiskripsikan dan menerangkan respon pujian yang digunakan oleh karakter-karakter dalam film. Peneliti mengunakan empat langkah dalam menganalisis data. Pertama, peneliti pengklasifikasikan data menurut tipe dari respon pujian. Kedua, peneliti mendiskripsikan konteks dari data. Ketiga, data dianalisis menurut teori respon pujian milik Herbert. Terakhir, peneliti membuat kesimpulan dari hasil analisis respon pujian dalam ungkapan dari film “Shanghai Calling”.

Ada tujuh macam tipe respon pujian yang digunakan oleh karakter-karakter di film “Shanghai Calling”. Tipe respon pujian dianalisisa dengan mengunakan teori respon pujian milik Herber. Diantaranya, appreciation token, no acknowledgment, disagreement, praise downgrade, praise upgrade, comment acceptance and question. Dalam merespon pujian, kebanyakan orang yang diberi pujian menerima pujian tersebut dengan menunjukkan tipe appreciation token. Hal ini mencangkup verbal dan non-verbal penerimaan. Dalam penerimaan verbal, orang yang diberi pujian memberikan kata “terima kasih” untuk merespon si pemberi pujian. Selain itu, penerimaan secara non-verbal ditunjukkan dengan memberi senyum sebagai respon pujian. Di respon pujian tipe disagreement, orang yang diberi pujian memperlihatkan bahwa sesuatu yang dipuji tidak sebaik pujian itu sendiri, contohnya, “bukanlah menakuti orang adalah sesuatu yang baik”. Di respon pujian tipe praise downgrade, orang yang diberi pujin mengurangi penilaian yang positif, contohnya, “ini hanya sebuah mobil yang baisa”. Sementara itu, di respon pujian tipe praise upgrade, si penerima pujian menerima dan menegaskan kekuatan dari pujian tersebut, contohnya, “tentu saja, aku mengetahuinya”. Di respon pujian tipe comment acceptance, si penerima pujian menerima dan member komentar yang sesuai, contohnya, “ya, kami membuatnya bekerja”. Di respon pujian tipe question, si penerima pujian mempertanyakan ketulusan atau kelayakan dari pujian, contohnya, “bennarkah?”. Di respon pujian tipe no acknowledgment, si penerima pujian memberi indikasi tidak mendengar pujain, mengalihkan pembicaraan, dan tidak merespon atau hanya diam.

Dianjurkan untuk peneliti selanjutnya untuk menganalisis respon pujian yang digunakan oleh orang yang memiliki umur dan gender yang berbeda . Karena data dari penelitian ini diambil dari film, peneliti selanjutnya dianjurkan untuk mengunakan data dari sumber lain, seperti respon pujian yang digunakan di media social, seperti twitter, facebook, atau friendster.