Pengaruh Five Factor Model Personality terhadap tingkat Self-Esteem remaja pada mahasiswa Psikologi semester II di Universitas Islam Negeri (UIN) Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang

ABSTRAK

Self-esteem ditenggarai salah satu hal yang berpengaruh besar dalam keberhasilan manusia. Self-esteem merupakan suatu dimensi evaluasi diri, evaluasi ini berdasarkan pilihan atau tindakan yang telah dia ambil seseorang seumur hidupnya, evaluasi ini kemudian menghasilkan perasaan mampu (competence), dan, berharga (worth). Dalam sistem kepribadian five factor model personality, trait sebagai sifat bawaan manusia sejak mereka dilahirkan, merupakan hal yang mempengaruhi kecenderungan seseorang untuk mengambil suatu keputusan, atau, tindakan. Setiap orang memiliki kecenderungan tersendiri tergantung dari pola trait yang dimilikinya. Sebagai suatu hal yang mempengaruhi kecenderungan seseorang dalam mengambil keputusan dan tindakan, maka pola kepribadian juga memiliki pengaruh terhadap tingkat self- esteem yang dimiliki seseorang. berdasarkan hal ini peneliti tertarik untuk melakukan penelitian di Universitas Islam Negeri Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang, dengan rumusan masalah sebagai berikut. (1) Bagaimana Model kepribadian mahasiswa semester II Universitas Islam Negeri Mulana Malik Ibrahim Malang berdasarkan five factor model personality? (2) Bagaimana tingkat self-esteem mahasiswa semester II Universitas Islam Negeri Mulana Malik Ibrahim Malang? (3) Apakah five factor model personality, berpengaruh terhadap tingkat self-esteem mahasiswa semester II Universitas Islam Negeri Mulana Malik Ibrahim Malang?

Penelitian dilakukan dengan tujuan sebagai berikut. (1) untuk mengetahui Model kepribadian mahasiswa semester II fakultas psikologi UIN Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang berdasarkan five factor model personality, (2) self-esteem mahasiswa semester II fakultas psikologi UIN Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang Malang, dan (3) untuk mengetahui pengaruh five factor model personality, terhadap tingkat self-esteem mahasiswa semester II UIN Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang Malang.

Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif. Subyek penelitian sebanyak 34 responden yang dipilih, menggunakan cluster random sampling. Dalam pengumpulan data, peneliti menggunakan metode angket berupa skala. Skala yang dipakai telah diuji cobakan terlebih dahulu kepada 31 responden. Analisa data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan teknik regresi linear, dengan bantuan SPSS versi 19.0 for Windows.

Hasil penelitian menunjukan data sebagai berikut. (1) berdasarkan perbandiangan mean hipotetik dan mean empirik Pola kepribadian mahasiswa semester II fakultas psikologi UIN MALIKI Malang adalah sebagai berikut,(a) mayoritas responden memiliki tingkat oppeness tinggi dapat diartikan sebagai pribadi yang berpikiran terbuka terhadap berbagai pengetahuan atau fakta baru,(b) mayoritas responden memiliki conscientiousness tinggi dapat diartikan bahwa mayoritas responden merupakan pribadi yang cenderung teliti dan bertanggung jawab.(c) mayoritas responden memiliki kepribadian extravert, dengan artian memiliki minat bergaul dan berkelompok yang cukup tinggi. (d) mayoritas responden memiliki tingkat agreeableness tinggi, dengan artian merupakan pribadi yang suka menolong dan sopan. (e) mayorotas responden memiliki neuroticism rendah yang juga dapat diartikan memiliki kesetabilan emosi yang cukup baik. (2) mayoritas mahasiswa semester II fakultas psikologi UIN MALIKI Malang memiliki tingkat self-esteem tinggi atau merupakan pribadi yang menghormati dan mempercayai potensi diri. (3) Berdasarkan uji ketepatan model didapatkan adjusted R square sebesar 0.270 atau 27.0% sehingga disimpulkan bahwa FFM ini mampu menjelaskan 27.0 % dari tingkat self-esteem sedangkan 73.0% dipengaruhi oleh faktor diluar model penelitian. Berdasarkan hasil uji F, didapatkan F hitung sebesar 3.436 dengan nilai signifikan F sebesar 0.015 sehingga, disimpulkan trait dalam Five Factor Personality memiliki Pengaruh terhadap tingkat self-esteem remaja. Kemudian berdasarkan uji t diketahui bahwa, (1) openness memiliki pengaruh yang signifikan pada tingkat self-esteem.(2) conscientiousness memiliki pengaruh tidak signifikan pada tingkat self-esteem. (3) extraversion memiliki pengaruh yang signifikan pada tingkat self-esteem. (4) agreeableness tidak memiliki pengaruh pada tingkat self-esteem. (5) neuroticism memiliki pengaruh tidak signifikan pada tingkat self-esteem. Dalam penelitian ini factor dominan yang mempengaruhi self-esteem seseorang adalah openness dengan koefisien korelasi 2.627, kemudian extraversion dengan koefisien 2.244. sehingga dapat diartikan dalam pola kepribadian FFM trait openness dan extraversion memiliki pengaruh positif. Atau dapat diartikan seseorang dengan pikiran terbuka dan memiliki minat bersosialisasi tinggi, akan lebih mudah untuk memiliki self-esteem yang sehat.

ABSTRACT

Self-esteem is suspected as one of the things that have a big impact in the human success. Self-esteem is a dimension of self-evaluation, this evaliation based on options or actions that he had already took in his life, then its generate feeling of competence, and, worthiness. In the five factor model of personality system personality, trait as innate human nature since they were born, is a thing that affects a human's tendency to take a decision, or, action. Everyone has their own tendencies depending on the pattern of trait that they had. As a matter that affects a human's tendency to make decisions and actions, the pattern of one's personality also has an influence on levels of self-esteem a person has. Based on this researchers interested in conducting research at the State Islamic University Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang, with the formulation of the problem as follows. (1) what kind of personality pattern that students second semester students of psychology faculty at State Islamic University Mulana Malik Ibrahim Malang had, based on five factor model of personality? (2) What level of self-esteem that second semester students of psychology faculty at State Islamic University Mulana Malik Ibrahim Malang had? (3) Is the five factor model of personality, affect the level of self-esteem of second semester students of psychology faculty at State Islamic University Mulana Malik Ibrahim Malang?

The study was conducted with the following aims. (1) to determine the personality patern that second semester students of psychology faculty at State Islamic University Mulana Malik Ibrahim Malang had, based on the five factor model of personality, (2) to determine self-esteem level that second semester students of psychology faculty at State Islamic University Mulana Malik Ibrahim Malang had, and (3) to determine are five factors model of personality, effect the level of self-esteem of second semester students of psychology faculty at State Islamic University Mulana Malik Ibrahim Malang.

This study uses quantitative methods. Study subjects as much as 34 respondents, who selected using random cluster sampling. In collecting data, researchers used the questionnaire method. The scale used has been tested prior to the 31 respondents. Analysis of the data in this study using linear regression techniques, with the help of SPSS version 19.0 for Windows.

The results of research showed the following data. (1) based on comparison between hypothetical mean and empirical mean, The personality patterns of second semester students of psychology faculty at State Islamic University Mulana Malik Ibrahim Malang is, (a) the majority of respondents have a high level oppeness can be interpreted as a open-minded individual, that open towards various knowledge or new facts, (b) majority of respondents have high conscientiousness mean that the majority of respondents are carefull and responsibel individual. (c) the majority of respondents were extravert, its mean they had high interest to get along in group or sosialize with another person. (d) the majority of respondents have a high level of agreeableness, that’s mean they are helpful and polite people. (e) the majority respondents have low neuroticism that can also be interpreted that they had a pretty good emotional stability. (2) the majority of second semester students of psychology faculty at State Islamic University Mulana Malik Ibrahim Malang has a high level of self-esteem its mean they had high self- respect and confidece in their own potential. (3) Based on the research model accuracy test obtained model adjusted R square of 0.270 or 27.0% so it concluded that the FFM is able to explain 27.0% of the level of self-esteem, while 73.0% are explained by factors beyond the research model. Based on the results of the F test, obtained F 3.436 with significant F values for 0.015, so that’s mean the Five Factor Personality traits had influence on the level of adolescent self-esteem. Then based on test t is known that, (1) openness has a significant effect on levels of self-esteem. (2) conscientiousness had no significant effect on levels of self-esteem. (3) extraversion has a significant effect on levels of self-esteem. (4) agreeableness has no effect on levels of self-esteem. (5) neuroticism had no significant effect on levels of self-esteem. this study concluded the dominant trait that influence a person's self-esteem is the openness with a correlation coefficient of 2.627, and extraversion with a coefficient of 2.244. so it can be interpreted in the FFM personality pattern, trait openness and extraversion had a positive influence. Or it can interpreated that someone who are open minded and have a high interest in socializing, it's easier to have a healthy self-esteem.