Qiptiyah, Mariatul (2014) Keanekaragaman Arthropoda tanah di Perkebunan Teh PTPN XII Bantaran Blitar. Undergraduate thesis, Universitas Islam Negeri Maulana Malik Ibrahim.
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Abstract
INDONESIA:
Arthropoda tanah merupakan arthropoda yang hidup di tanah baik permukaan tanah maupun dalam tanah. Arthropoda tanah memiliki peran yang sangat vital dalam rantai makanan khususnya sebagai penyubur tanah dan memperbaiki kualitas lingkungan lahan perkebunan, karena tanpa organisme ini alam tidak akan dapat mendaur ulang bahan organik. Arthropoda tanah bergantung pada kondisi tanah. Faktor biotik dan abiotik pada tanah akan mempengaruhi keanekaragaman arthropoda tanah. Perkebunan teh merupakan salah satu komoditi hasil perkebunan yang mempunyai peran cukup penting dalam kegiatan perekonomian di Indonesia. Perkembangan produksi teh di Indonesia selama lima tahun terakhir berfluktuasi. Upaya meningkatkan produktivitas daun teh dengan cara pemangkasan teh untuk mempertahankan kondisi bidang petik dan mendapatkan produktivitas tanaman yang tinggi. Hasil pemangkasan diduga akan mempengaruhi keberadaan arthropoda yang berhabitat di tanah baik dalam tanah maupun permukaan tanah.
Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui keaneragaman arthopoda tanah di perkebunan teh serta peranannya. Penelitian dilakukan pada perkebunan teh PTPN XII Bantaran Blitar. Identifikasi arthropoda tanah dilakukan di Laboratorium Ekologi dan laboraorium optik Jurusan Biologi Universitas Islam Negeri (UIN) Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang. Metode penelitian menggunakan eksplorasi secara langsung menggunakan hand sortir dan secara tidak langsung menggunakan pitfall trap.
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan arthropoda tanah di perkebunan teh secara keseluruhan ditemukan 16 ordo yang terdiri dari 61 famili dengan jumlah total individu 3806, arthropoda tanah yang berperan sebagai predator (28 famili), herbivor (14 famili), detritivor (13 famili), dekomposer (4 famili), parasit (1 famili), dan parasitoid (1 famili). Pada arthropoda dalam tanah diperoleh jumlah total individu 1910 mencangkup 15 ordo dan 45 famili, arthropoda dalam tanah yang berperan sebagai predator (19 famili), detritivor (12 famili), dekomposer (2 famili), parasit (1 famili), parasitoid (1 famili), dan herbivor (10 famili). Pada arthropoda permukaan tanah di temukan sebanyak 1896 yang terdiri dari 12 ordo dan 29 famili, arthropoda permukaan tanah ditemukan predator (16 famili), parasitoid (1 famili), herbivor (5 famili), dekomposer (3 famili), dan detritivor (7 famili). Indeks keanekragaman (H‟) Shannon secara komulatif pada dalam tanah lebih tinggi (2,70), dari pada permukaan tanah (2,30). Nilai dominasi (C) Simpson komulatif lebih tinggi permukaan tanah (0,14), dari pada dalam tanah (0,25).
ENGLISH:
Soil arthropods are arthropods that live in the soil either ground level or in the soil. Soil arthropods have a very vital role in the food chain particularly as use as soil enricher and improve environmental quality plantation, because without these natural organisms would not be able to recycle organic materials. Soil arthropods depends on the soil conditions. Biotic factors and abiotic constraints on land will affect the diversity of soil arthropods. Tea Plantation is one of the results of the plantation commodities had an important role in the economic activity in Indonesia. The development of tea production in Indonesia during the last five years have fluctuated. Efforts to improve the productivity of tea leaf tea by way of trimming to maintain the condition of the fields picking and getting high crop productivity. The trimmed expected to affect the existence of soil arthropods in both the soil and the soil surface.
The study aims to determine the diversity arthopoda soil and their role in tea plantations. The study was conducted on a tea plantation PTPN XII Bantaran Blitar. Identification of soil arthropods conducted at the Laboratory of Ecology and optical laboraorium Biology Department of the State Islamic University (UIN) Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang. The research method uses direct exploration using a hand sorting and indirectly using pitfall traps.
The results showed the soil arthropods in tea plantations found 16 order consisting of 61 families with a total of 3806 individuals, soil arthropods that act as predators (28 families), herbivores (14 families), detritivor (13 families), decomposers (4 families), parasites (1 family), and parasitoids (1 family). In arthropods in the soil obtained the total number of individuals in 1910 covers 15 orders and 45 families, arthropods in the soil that act as predators (19 families), detritivor (12 families), decomposers (2 families), parasites (1 family), parasitoids (1 family), and herbivores (10 families). On the ground arthropods were found in 1896 consisting of 12 orders and 29 families, soil surface arthropod predators found (16 families), parasitoids (1 family), herbivores (5 families), decomposers (3 families), and detritivor (7 families).
Diversity index (H ') the cumulative Shannon on higher ground (2.70), from the soil surface (2.30). Dominance value (C) Simpson cumulative higher ground level (0.14), from the ground (0.25).
Item Type: | Thesis (Undergraduate) |
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Keywords: | Keanekaragaman; Arthopoda Tanah; Teh; PTPN XII; Blitar; Diversity; Soil Arthropods; Tea |
Subjects: | 06 BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES > 0608 Zoology > 060808 Invertebrate Biology |
Departement: | Fakultas Sains dan Teknologi > Jurusan Biologi |
Depositing User: | Indar Erdiana |
Date Deposited: | 14 Jul 2015 10:03 |
Last Modified: | 14 Jul 2015 10:03 |
URI: | http://etheses.uin-malang.ac.id/id/eprint/418 |
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