Cooperative principle on conversations in “The Little Rascals Save The Day” movie

ENGLISH:

Communication is a process by which information are exchanged between individuals. Speakers try to contribute meaningful, productive utterances and effective conversation. It is assumed that participants are trying to be cooperative. Cooperative Principles (CP) proposed by Grice (1975) she stated that cooperative principle is the ways speaker gives as much as information as is required. The focus of this research is the use of cooperative principle in conversation on the “Little Rascals Save the Day” Movie.

This research adopts descriptive qualitative as well as discourse analysis approach as the research design. The data are taken from the script of the movie because the script is more valid. The data are analysed, first, by reading the whole conversations and understanding the utterances between speakers to know the context of utterances. Secondly, by categorizing every utterances; if the utterances apply Quantity maxim it means the utterance makes contribution as informative as is required, but not more, or less, than is required. Moreover, if the utterances fulfill quality maxim, the utterances do not say which are believe to be false or for lack adequate evidence. Therefore, if the utterances fulfill Relation maxim, the utterance must be relevant with the topic of conversation and if the utterances fulfill the maxim of Manner, the utterance must be clear, brief and orderly. Thirdly, analysing why the speaker violated the maxim by describing the cause of speaker violated the conversational maxims based on the context of the speaker when uttering the utterance. The last, making conclusion based on the result.

The researcher found violation maxims occurred in the movie of “Little Rascals Save the Day” they are the violation of quantity, quality and relevance maxim. The violations of the maxims, which are frequently found in this movie, are the violation of quantity maxim. The causes of violations took from the context of the speakers. First, the violation of quantity maxim occurred because speaker was nervous in front of the hearer. The speaker violated quality maxim because the speaker does not want to hurt the hearer. The violation of relevance maxim occurs because the speaker wants to signal the hearer that the speakers want to change the topic of the conversation.

Finally, the researcher suggested to the next researchers to use other theory such as Davies (2007). In addition, the researcher also gives suggestion to conduct the research on the other areas such as conversation of native children in the ages of 5-7 with their parents in the real life, because between native children and children which have english language as their second language are different, or speech in formal situation or informal conversation such as the conversation between native and native or native and indonesian people in the real life. Because from the researcher perspective, the analyses about the cause of violation based on the situation of the speaker when uttering the utterances in informal situation especially in the movie need evidences in the real conversation.