Apology strategies used by Julia Gillard in her speech of forced adoption

INDONESIA:

Penelitian ini mempelajari penggunaan strategi permintaan maaf yang diterapkan oleh Julia Gillard didalam pidatonya tentang Pemaksaan Adopsi. Penelitian ini menerapkan metode deskriptif kualitatif dalam menemukan strategi permintaan maaf. Data dari penelitian ini diambil dari transkrip pidato Julia Gillard. Peneliti menggunakan teori Trosborg dalam menganalisa strategi permintaan maaf yang digunakan oleh Julia Gillard.

Terdapat lima langkah dalam menganalisa data penelitian ini antara lain: (1) mencari konteks data tersebut untuk memahami situasi dan kondisinya, seperti siapa yang bicara dan siapa yang diajak bicara; (2) mengklasifikasi data menjadi delapan kategori tentang permintaan maaf berdasarkan teori Trosborg antara lain rejection, minimizing degree of offence, acknowledgement of responsibility, explanation or account, expression of apology, expression concern for hearer, promising forbearance, and offer a repair; (3) menjelaskan dan meninterpretasikan tipe-tipe yang mana ditujukan untuk menjawab rumusan masalah berdasar teori Trosborg; (4) menginterpretasikan dan mendiskusikan pengaruh dari sistem kesopanan dalam tatacara Julia Gillard bicara permintaan maaf berdasar teori Scollon & Scollon; (5) Menulis kesimpulan dari penelitiaan tersebut berdasar hasil penelitian untuk menjawab rumusan masalah.

Penelitian ini mengungkapkan bahwa terdapat lima kategori dan lima sub-kategori strategi permintaan maaf dalam pidato Julia Gillard tentang Pemaksaan Adopsi yang ditemukan oleh peneliti. Strategi-strategi itu adalah explicitly acknowledging responsibility, explicitly acceptance of blame, and expression of embarrassment yang mencerminkan kategori acknowledging responsibility; expression of regret and offer of apology yang mencerminkan kategori expression of apology; expression concern for hearer; promise of forbearance; dan offer a repair. Expression of apology dan acknowledging of responsibility banyak digunakan dalam membentuk pidato selama sang pembicara ingin menunjukkan penyesalannya tentang penganiyaan yang terjadi di masa lalu terhadap pendengar dan mengakui kesalahan di masa lalu dengan cara menunjukkan rasa tanggungjawab kepada pendengar.

Untuk peneliti selanjutnya, dianjurkan untuk pembaca dan peminta maaf dalam belajar dan menerapkan konsep strategi permintaan maaf. Para peneliti selajutnya juga direkomendasikan untuk menggunakan teori-teori atau objek lainnya agar memperluas pemahaman dalam strategi permintaan maaf.

ENGLISH:

This research examines the use of apology strategies applied by Julia Gillard in her speech of Forced Adoption. This study applies descriptive qualitative method in finding apology strategies. The data were taken from the transcript of Julia Gillard’s speech. The researcher uses Trosborg’s theory in analyzing the apology strategies that used by Julia Gillard.

In analyzing data, this study follows five steps: (1) finding out the context to understand the condition, such as who speaks and who the addressee is; (2) classifying the data into eight categories of apology based on Trosborg’s theory including rejection, minimizing degree of offence, acknowledgement of responsibility, explanation or account, expression of apology, expression concern for hearer, promising forbearance, and offer a repair; (3) explaining and interpreting those types which is aimed to answer the research problem based on Trosborg’s theory; (4) interpreting and discussing the influence of politeness system in the way Julia Gillard saying apology based on Scollon & Scollon’s theory; (5) drawing the general conclusion based on the research finding to answer the research problem.

This study revealed that there are five categories and five sub-categories of apology strategies in Julia Gillard’s speech of Forced Adoption that were found. Those strategies are explicitly acknowledging responsibility, explicitly acceptance of blame, and expression of embarrassment which reflected in acknowledging responsibility category; expression of regret and offer of apology which are reflected in expression of apology category; expression concern for hearer; promise of forbearance; and offer a repair. The expression of apology and acknowledging of responsibility were mostly used in conducting the speech since the speaker wants to show her regret to the past mistreatment toward the hearer and acknowledges the wrong doing in the past by showing the responsibility to the hearer.

For the next researcher, it is recommended for the reader and the apologizer in learning and performing the concept of apology strategies. The next researchers are also suggested to use another theories or object in order to broaden the comprehension in apology strategies.