Wahyuni, Nila Aisyah (2020) Uji aktivitas antibakteri ekstrak bunga cengkeh (Syzygium aromaticum) terhadap Klebsiella pneumoniae secara in vitro. Undergraduate thesis, Universitas Islam Negeri Maulana Malik Ibrahim.
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Abstract
ABSTRACT
Increased prevalence and mortality rates from pneumonia occur in Indonesia, including in Malang. The most common pathogen that causes pneumonia in Indonesia is Klebsiella pneumoniae. The virulence factor possessed by Klebsiella pneumoniae causes high antibiotic resistance making it difficult to eradicate the bacteria. Cloves (Syzygium aromaticum), especially the clove buds, are native to Indonesia. The contents it has are eugenol, tannin, saponin, flavonoids, and humulene has antibacterial effects. This quantitative experimental study aims to determine the antibacterial activity of clove bud extract (Syzygium aromaticum), at various concentrations, against Klebsiella pneumoniae. The clove bud extraction method used is ultrasonic-assisted extraction (UAE) which is then disarated using a rotary evaporator. Extract concentrations used in this study were 10 concentrations of clove bud extract (64%, 32%, 16%, 8%, 4%, 2%, 1%, 0.5%, 0.25%, 0.125%) with solvents DMSO 5% and two control in each test method. Antibacterial activity test was carried out by disk diffusion method (Kirby Bauer) and tube dilution (macrodilution) by adding extracts to the media which had been inoculated by Klebsiella pneumoniae. In the disc diffusion method used positive control of tetracycline 30µg and negative control of 5% DMSO. While the method of tube dilution (macrodilution) is used control of the material from the remaining dilution and control of the bacteria Klebsiella pneumoniae. Data obtained in the form of inhibition zone diameter and the number of Klebsiella pneumoniae colonies in MHA were tested statistically, as well as MIC at extract concentrations of 1% and MBC at concentrations of 2%. Kruskal Wallis non parametric statistical test results, each data showed significant results (P-value = 0.019, P-value=0,024). Mann Whitney test results of inhibition zone diameter are 64% clove bud extract has the most effective antibacterial activity (test statistic = 2,000), positive control of tetracycline, extracts 64%, 32%, and 16% have a significant difference to negative control of 5% DMSO extract 0.125%, 0.25% (P-value <0.05). While the Mann Whitney test results on the number of Klebsiella pneumoniae colonies in the MHA namely material control, extract 64%, 32%, 16%, 8%, 4%, and 2% had a significant difference to the extract 0.5% and 0.25% (P -value <0.05). Extract concentrations of 64% to 2% have antibacterial activity which is equivalent to material control (test statistic = 0,000). The conclusion that can be drawn from this study is that clove bud extract (Syzygium aromaticum) has antibacterial activity against Klebsiella pneumoniae, both bacteriostatic and bactericidal.
ABSTRAK
Peningkatan angka prevalensi dan mortalitas dari pneumonia terjadi di Indonesia, termasuk di Malang. Patogen tersering yang menyebabkan pneumonia di Indonesia adalah bakteri Klebsiella pneumoniae. Faktor virulensi yang dimiliki oleh Klebsiella pneumoniae menyebabkan resistensi antibiotik yang tinggi sehingga sulit untuk mengeradikasi bakteri tersebut. Cengkeh (Syzygium aromaticum), terutama kuncup bunga cengkeh, merupakan rempah asli dari Indonesia. Kandungan yang dimilikinya yaitu eugenol, tannin, saponin, flavonoid, dan humulene memiliki efek antibakteri. Penelitian eksperimental kuantitatif ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui aktivitas antibakteri ekstrak bunga cengkeh (Syzygium aromaticum), pada berbagai konsentrasi, terhadap Klebsiella pneumoniae. Metode ekstraksi bunga cengkeh yang digunakan yaitu ultrasonic-assisted extraction (UAE) yang selanjutnya diseparasi menggunakan rotary evaporator. Konsentrasi ekstrak yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah 10 konsentrasi ekstrak bunga cengkeh (64%, 32%, 16%, 8%, 4%, 2%, 1%, 0,5%, 0,25%, 0,125%) dengan pelarut DMSO 5% dan kontrol pada sebanyak 2 pada setiap metode uji. Uji aktivitas antibakteri dilakukan dengan metode difusi cakram (Kirby Bauer) dan dilusi tabung (makrodilusi) yaitu dengan menambahkan ekstrak pada media yang telah diinokulasikan bakteri Klebsiella pneumoniae. Pada metode difusi cakram digunakan kontrol positif tetrasiklin 30µg dan kontrol negatif DMSO 5%. Sedangkan pada metode dilusi tabung (makrodilusi) digunakan kontrol bahan dari sisa dilusi ekstrak dan kontrol bakteri Klebsiella pneumoniae. Data yang diperoleh berupa diameter zona hambat dan jumlah koloni Klebsiella pneumoniae pada MHA yang diuji statistik, serta KHM pada konsentrasi ekstrak 1% dan KBM pada konsentrasi 2%. Hasil uji statistik non parametrik Kruskal Wallis yang masing-masing data menunjukkan hasil signifikan (P-value=0,019, P-value=0,024). Hasil uji Mann Whitney diameter zona hambat adalah ekstrak bunga cengkeh 64% memiliki aktivitas antibakteri yang paling efektif (test statistic=2,000), kontrol positif tetrasiklin, ekstrak 64%, 32%, dan 16% memiliki perbedaan yang signifikan terhadap kontrol negatif DMSO 5%, ekstrak 0,125%, 0,25% (P-value<0,05). Sedangkan hasil uji Mann Whitney jumlah koloni Klebsiella pneumoniae pada MHA yaitu kontrol bahan, ekstrak 64%, 32%, 16%,8%, 4%, dan 2% memiliki perbedaan signifikan terhadap ekstrak 0,5% dan 0,25% (P-value<0,05). Konsentrasi ekstrak 64% hingga 2% memiliki aktivitas antibakteri yang setara dengan kontrol bahan (test statistic=0,000). Kesimpulan yang dapat diambil dari penelitian ini yaitu ekstrak bunga cengkeh (Syzygium aromaticum) memiliki aktivitas antibakteri terhadap Klebsiella pneumoniae, baik bakteriostatik maupun bakterisidal.
Item Type: | Thesis (Undergraduate) | |||||||||
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Supervisor: | Susanti, Nurlaili and Milliana, Alvi | |||||||||
Contributors: |
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Keywords: | Clove bud extract; Klebsiella pneumoniae; antibaterial activity; Ekstrak bunga cengkeh; Klebsiella pneumoniae; aktivitas antibakteri | |||||||||
Subjects: | 11 MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES > 1108 Medical Microbiology > 110801 Medical Bacteriology 11 MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES > 1108 Medical Microbiology > 110802 Medical Infection Agents (incl. Prions) |
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Departement: | ?? JPD ?? | |||||||||
Depositing User: | Nila Aisyah Wahyuni | |||||||||
Date Deposited: | 21 Jul 2020 10:02 | |||||||||
Last Modified: | 21 Jul 2020 10:02 | |||||||||
URI: | http://etheses.uin-malang.ac.id/id/eprint/18921 |
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