Siregar, Dzulmanira Syafni (2020) Pengaruh ekstrak etanol daun lampes (Ocimum Sanctum L.) terhadap jumlah makrofag pada tunika intima aorta kelinci model aterosklerosis ditinjau dari gambaran histopatologi. Undergraduate thesis, Universitas Islam Negeri Maulana Malik Ibrahim.
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Abstract
ABSTRACT
Coronary heart disease is still the leading cause of death worldwide with an increasing trend. This disease is caused by the narrowing of the coronary arteries, and atherosclerosis is one of the risk factors. Atherosclerosis occurs in the tunica intima and is characterized by progressive hardening and narrowing of the arteries due to fat deposits and inflammation. Macrophages are one of the main immune cells that play role in atherosclerotic lesions. The lampes plant (Ocimum sanctum L.) has been shown to reduce lipid levels, reduce ROS and inflammation, but the use of lampes as an alternative medicines to prevent the development of atherosclerotic lesions is still limited. The purpose of this study was to prove the effect of the lampes leaves (Ocimum sanctum L.) on the number of macrophages in the tunica intima aorta on atherosclerosis model of New Zealand White rabbit. The research was experimental with post-test only control group method, using 25 rabbits which were divided into 5 random groups, namely the negative control group (without treatment), positive control group (without lampes leaf extract), group treatment 1 (10 mg/kg body weight of lampes leaf extract), group treatment 2 (25 mg/kg body weight of lampes leaf extract), and group treatment 3 (50 mg/kg body weight of lampes leaf extract). Atherogenic diets given in this study were cow brain and NOVA pellets. The lampes leaf was extracted using the UAE method with 96% ethanol, solvent for 3x2, then evaporated using a rotary evaporator at 45.40oC. After 45 days the rabbit was terminated and the number of macrophages was seen histopathologically, using a Nikon Eclipse E200 microscope with 400x magnification in 10 visual fields. The results showed an average decrease in the number of macrophages according to the dose (positive control 5 ± 0.42947, P1 4 ± 1.01921, P2 4 ± 0.27822, and P3 3 ± 0.27889). Statistically, the data were significant (p = 0,000). Based on these results, it can be concluded that there was an increase in the number of macrophages in rabbit models that were given an atherogenic diet with cow brain and NOVA pellets with a composition of 0.3-2% cholesterol and 4-8% fat, and administration of ethanol extract of lampes leaves able to reduce the number of macrophages in the tunica intima aorta on atherosclerotic model of rabbit reviewed histopathologically.
ABSTRAK
Penyakit jantung koroner masih menjadi penyebab utama kematian di seluruh dunia dengan tren yang terus meningkat. Penyakit ini disebabkan karena adanya penyempitan arteri koroner, dan aterosklerosis menjadi salah satu faktor risikonya. Aterosklerosis terjadi di tunika intima, ditandai dengan adanya pengerasan serta penyempitan arteri secara progresif akibat timbunan lemak dan disertai peradangan. Makrofag merupakan salah satu sel imun utama yang berperan dalam lesi aterosklerosis. Tanaman lampes (Ocimum sanctum L.) dapat menurunkan kadar lipid, mengurangi ROS dan inflamasi, namun pemanfaatan lampes sebagai obat alternatif dalam pencegahan perkembangan lesi aterosklerosis masih terbatas. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk membuktikan pengaruh daun lampes (Ocimum sanctum L.) terhadap jumlah makrofag di tunika intima aorta kelinci New Zealand White model aterosklerosis. Penelitian bersifat eksperimental dengan metode post-test only control group, menggunakan 25 ekor kelinci yang dibagi menjadi 5 kelompok acak, yaitu kelompok kontrol negatif (tanpa perlakuan), kontrol positif (tanpa ekstrak daun lampes), perlakuan 1 (10 mg/kgBB ekstrak daun lampes), perlakuan 2 (25 mg/kgBB ekstrak daun lampes), dan perlakuan 3 (50 mg/kgBB ekstrak daun lampes). Diet aterogenik yang diberikan menggunakan otak sapi dan pelet NOVA. Daun lampes diekstraksi menggunakan metode UAE dengan pelarut etanol 96% selama 3x2 menit, selanjutnya dilakukan evaporasi menggunakan rotary evaporator pada suhu 45,40C. Setelah 45 hari, kelinci diterminasi dan dilihat jumlah makrofag secara histopatologi menggunakan mikroskop Nikon Eclipse E200 dengan perbesaran 400x dalam 10 lapang pandang. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan penurunan rata-rata jumlah makrofag sesuai dengan pemberian dosis (kontrol positif 5 ± 0,42947, P1 4 ± 1,01921, P2 4 ± 0,27822, dan P3 3 ± 0,27889). Secara statistik, data bersifat signifikan (p=0,000). Berdasarkan hasil tersebut, dapat disimpulkan bahwa terjadi peningkatan jumlah makrofag pada model kelinci yang diberi diet aterogenik dengan otak sapi dan pelet NOVA dengan komposisi kolesterol 0,3-2% dan lemak 4-8% serta pemberian ekstrak etanol daun lampes (Ocimum sanctum L.) mampu menurunkan jumlah makrofag pada tunika intima aorta kelinci model aterosklerosis ditinjau secara histopatologi.
Item Type: | Thesis (Undergraduate) | |||||||||
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Supervisor: | Listiyana, Anik and Ayudianti, Prida | |||||||||
Contributors: |
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Keywords: | coronary heart disease; macrophages; Ocimum sanctum L.; New Zealand White rabbit; penyakit jantung koroner; makrofag; Ocimum sanctum L.; kelinci New Zealand White | |||||||||
Subjects: | 11 MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES > 1102 Cardiorespiratory Medicine and Haematology > 110201 Cardiology (incl. Cardiovascular Diseases) | |||||||||
Departement: | ?? JPD ?? | |||||||||
Depositing User: | Dzulmanira Syafni Siregar | |||||||||
Date Deposited: | 08 Sep 2020 14:52 | |||||||||
Last Modified: | 08 Sep 2020 14:52 | |||||||||
URI: | http://etheses.uin-malang.ac.id/id/eprint/18794 |
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