Pengembangan bahan ajar berbasis keterampilan proses untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa materi ekosistem pada siswa kelas V MI Nasyrul Ulum Bocek Karangploso Malang

INDONESIA:

Pengembangan bahan ajar berbasis keterampilan proses materi ekosistem merupakan salah satu bahan ajar yang digunakan untuk membantu dan memudahkan siswa dalam memahami materi pada proses pembelajaran sekaligus mampu meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk (1) mengembangkan suatu produk bahan ajar berbasis keterampilan proses materi ekosistem, (2) untuk mengembangkan buku ajar yang membuat siswa lebih tertarik dalam proses pembelajaran, dan (3) untuk mengetahui peningkatan hasil belajar siswa dengan bahan ajar berbasis keterampilan proses materi ekosistem.

Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode Research and Development (R&D) dengan model pengembangan Brog and Gall dengan delapan tahapan di antaranya: potensi dan masalah, pengumpulan informasi, desain produk, validasi produk, perbaikan produk, uji coba produk, revisi produk, dan uji coba pemakaian. Teknik pengumpulan data pada penelitian ini menggunakan wawancara, lembar validasi, angket, dan hasil belajar. Teknik analisis dilakukan secara deskriptif dan analisis hasil tes (uji t). Penilaian peningkatan hasil belajar dilihat dari nilai kelas kontrol dan eksperimen. Sampel penelitian dalam pengembangan ini adalah siswa kelas V MI Nasyrul Ulum Bocek Karangploso Malang yang terdiri dari 28 siswa kelas kontrol dan 27 siswa kelas eksperimen.

Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: (1) Produk bahan ajar berbasis keterampilan proses ini sangat layak digunakan. Dibuktikan dengan hasil penilaian uji ahli materi mencapai tingkat kelayakan 100%, ahli desain mencapai 83,75%, dan praktisi/guru mencapai 93,75%, karena materi dan desain yang digunakan sesuai dengan kurikulum dan karakteristik siswa; (2) Tingkat kemenarikan bahan ajar berbasis keterampilan proses pada uji lapangan diperoleh 92,77%, karena bahan ajar disajikan menarik dan didesain dengan pemilihan warna, gambar, jenis huruf yang disesuaikan dengan karakteristik siswa; (3) Peningkatan hasil belajar siswa terlihat dari hasil post-test kelas eksperimen dan kelas kontrol, nilai rata-rata kelas eksperimen yaitu 83, sedangkan nilai rata-rata kelas kontrol yaitu 53,82. Hasil uji-t memperoleh t_hitung = 11,562 > t_tabel = 2,00575. H_0 ditolak dan H_1 diterima, hal ini menunjukkan bahwa bahan ajar ini menjadikan siswa lebih memahami materi, karena soal latihan berkaitan dengan kehidupan sehari-hari dan lingkungan sekitar siswa, dan terbukti mampu meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa sehingga bahan ajar berbasis keterampilan proses ini layak digunakan dalam pembelajaran khususnya materi ekosistem.

ENGLISH:

The development of teaching materials based on process skills in the ecosystem material is one of the teaching materials used to assist and facilitate students in understanding the material in the learning process while being able to improve student learning outcomes. This study aims to (1) develop a teaching material product based on process skills in ecosystem material, (2) to develop textbooks that make students more interested in the learning process, and (3) to find out the improvement of student learning outcomes with process skills-based teaching materials in ecosystem material.

The research method used in this study is the Research and Development (R&D) method with the Brog and Gall development model. The research method has several stages including: potential and problems, information gathering, product design, product validation, product improvement, product trials, product revisions, and trial use. Data collection techniques in this study used interviews, validation sheets, questionnaires, and learning outcomes. The analysis technique is done descriptively and analysis of test results (t test). Assessment of improvement in learning outcomes can be seen from the value of the control and experimental class. The research sample in this development is the fifth grade students of MI Nasyrul Ulum Bocek Karangploso Malang consisting of 28 control class students and 27 experimental class students.

The results showed that: (1) This process skill-based teaching material product is very feasible to use. Evidenced by the results of the assessment of material expert tests which reached 100% eligibility level, design experts reached 83.75%, and teacher reached 93.75% because the materials and designs used in these teaching materials were in accordance with the curriculum and characteristics of students; (2) The level of attractiveness of teaching materials in the field test was 92.77% because the teaching materials were presented interestingly and were designed with the choice of colors, pictures and type of letters that were adjusted to the characteristics of students; (3) Improvement of student learning outcomes can be seen from the post-test results of the experimental class and the control class, where the average value of the experimental class is 83, while the average value of the control class is 53.82. T-test results obtained t-count = 11.562 > t-table = 2.00575. H_0 was refused and H_1 was accepted. This data shows that this teaching material makes students more able to understand the material because the practice questions are related to daily life and the environment around students. This teaching material has been proven to be able to improve student learning outcomes so that the process skill-based teaching material is feasible to be used in learning especially ecosystem material.