Imam, Imam (2020) Pemberian zakat terhadap non muslim tinjauan Imam Madzhab dan Maqasid Syariah Jasser Auda. Undergraduate thesis, Universitas Islam Negeri Maulana Malik Ibrahim.
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Abstract
INDONESIA:
Zakat disyariatkan Allah kepada umat Islam, agar mereka mengeluarkan sebagian hartanya sebagai zakat sesuai dengan kadar ketentuan yang ada, baik itu kepada faqir muslim ataupun fakir non muslim. Sebab esesnsi atas disyariatkanya zakat adalah bentuk penyucin diri seorang hamba kepada robnya dan kesejahteraan bagi orang-orang yang membutuhkan, baik muslim atau non muslim. Disamping itu juga merupakan sarana dakwah, dimana semangat dari dakwah yaitu berupa seruan , ajakan untuk mentauhidkan Allah, sehingga dengan adanya pemberian zakat kepada non muslim secara tidak langsung mendakwahkan kebaikan kepada mereka lewat pemberian zakat, sebab dakwah bukan hanya sekedar seruan melainkan pemberian.
Tujuan penelitian ini adalah: 1). Untuk mengetahui pandangan Imam empat madzhab tentang pemberian zakat terhadap non muslim, 2). Untuk mengetahui pandangan maqasid syariah Jasser Auda terhadap pemberian zakat bagi non muslim.
Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian normatif yang menggunakan analisis deskriptif dengan pendekatan kepustakaan. Bahan hukum yang digunakan di bagi menjadi 3 bagian yaitu primer dan sekunder serta tersier. Bahan Hukum Primer diperoleh dari kitab-kitab fiqh empat madzhab dan Kitab maqasid karya Jasser Auda. Sedangkan bahan hukum sekunder diperoleh dari buku-buku, dokumen, laporan hasil penelitian terdahulu, makalah-makalah, jurnal-jurnal ilmiah dan artikel-artikel. Kemudian bahan hukum tersier diperoleh dengan mengutip langsung dari kamus glosarium dan ensiklopedi. Metode analisis bahan hukum yang digunakan adalah analisis yuridis normatif.
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa 1) Pemberian zakat kepada non muslim terdapat perbedaan diantara imam madzhab, ada yang membolehkan dan ada yang tidak, seperti imam malik, syafi’i, hambali mereka berpendapat bahwa pemberian zakat kepada non mjslim tidak diperbolehkan. kemudian imam hanafi berpendapat bahwa memberikan zakat kepada non muslim itu diperbolehkan. 2) Menurut teori maqasid syariah Jasser Auda, pemberian zakat kepada non muslim diperbolehkan, berlandaskan fitur-fitur yang ditawarkan auda (kognitif, kemenyeluruhan, keterbukaan, hierarki saling berkaitan, multidimensi sitem hukum, maqasid sistem hukum), namun perlu diperhatikan bahwa pemberian zakat kepada orang muslim lebih di dahulukan dari pada non muslim.
ENGLISH:
Zakat is prescribed by Allah to muslims, so that they issue a portion of their wealth as zakat according to the level of existing provisions, both to the muslim or to non muslim who are needy. Because the essence of the prescribed zakat is a form of purification of a servant to his god and the welfare of those in need, both muslim and non muslim. Besides it is also a meaning of da'wah, where the spirit of da'wah is in the form of an appeal and to reconcile Allah , so that why is giving zakat to non muslims indirectly relays kindness to them through zakat, because preaching is not just a call but a gift.
The objectives of this study are: 1). To find out the views of the imam of madzhab regarding giving zakat to non-Muslims, 2). To find out Jasser Auda's sharia maqasid's views on giving zakat to non muslims.
This type of research is a normative study using descriptive analysis with a literature approach. The legal materials used are divided into 3 parts, primary and secondary and tertiary. Primary legal materials were obtained from the books of the four madzhab of law and the book of maqasid by Jasser Auda. Whereas the secondary legal material obtained from books, documents, reports of previous research, papers, journals scientific and articles. Then tertiary legal material is obtained by quoting directly from the glossary dictionary and encylopedia. The legal material analysis method used is normative.
The results showed that 1) there is a difference between the imams of madzhab, Giving zakat to non muslims there are those who allow it and there are those who do not, like imam malik, syafi’i, hambali, they said that giving zakat to non muslims was not allowed. And imam hanafi believes that giving zakat to non muslim is permitted. 2) According to the theory of maqasid sharia Jasser Auda, giving zakat to non muslims is allowed, based on features offered by auda (cognitive, wholeness, openness, interconnected hierarchy, multidimensional legal system maqasid legal system), but it should be noted that giving zakat to muslims takes precedence over non muslims.
Item Type: | Thesis (Undergraduate) | ||||||
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Supervisor: | Fakhruddin, Fakhruddin | ||||||
Contributors: |
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Keywords: | maqasid syariah; non muslim; madzhab | ||||||
Departement: | Fakultas Syariah > Jurusan Hukum Bisnis Syariah | ||||||
Depositing User: | Users 12990 not found. | ||||||
Date Deposited: | 24 Apr 2020 15:08 | ||||||
Last Modified: | 02 Jun 2020 21:18 | ||||||
URI: | http://etheses.uin-malang.ac.id/id/eprint/17076 |
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