Identifikasi bakteri Resisten selenium (Se) berdasarkan gen 16s rRNA dari koleksi laboratorium mikrobiologi Universitas Islam Negeri (UIN) Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang

INDONESIA:

Selenium merupakan unsur dengan nomor atom 34 dengan massa atom relatif 78,96, bersifat semi logam dan dibutuhkan oleh makhluk hidup. Pada kadar tinggi selenium bersifat toksik, selain itu selenium memiliki kemampuan akumulasi sehingga berpeluang mengancam kesehatan manusia. Selenium akan memberikan efek kerusakan pada ginjal, hati, kerontokan rambut, dan kerusakan sistem syaraf pusat. Kontaminasi selenium perlu ditangani agar berkurang tosisitasnya. Oleh karena itu, digunakan bakteri sebagai agen bioremidiasi terhadap kontaminasi selenium. Penelitian ini berfungsi untuk mengetahui kemampuan resistensi dari isolat bakteri yang berasal dari koleksi laboratorium mikrobiologi terhadap selenat. Isolat bakteri yang digunakan sebanyak sepuluh isolat yang berasal dari koleksi Laboratorium Mikrobiologi Universitas Islam Negeri Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang. Media yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah NA yang diberi penambahan natrium selenat (Na2SeO4) dengan konsentrasi 0; 2,5; 5, dan 10 mM. Metode dalam penelitian ini meliputi: pembuatan media NA, preparasi isolat bakteri, uji resistensi selenat, direct PCR, uji kualitas DNA, dan sekuensing. Isolat bakteri yang memiliki kemampuan dalam resistensi selenat, kemudian dianalisis secara molekuler berdasarkan gen 16S rRNA. Berdasarkan uji resistensi selenat diperoleh 4 isolat bakteri yang memiliki kemampuan resisten terhadap selenat, yaitu isolat: LM-1, LM-3, LM-5, dan LM-10. Berdasarkan analisis molekuler gen 16S rRNA diketahui bahwa isolat LM-1 memiliki kemiripan dengan Bacillus megaterium ATCC 14581 (99,33%), isolate LM-3 Bacillus megaterium Y108-01 (99,66%), isolat LM-5 Bacillus megaterium NBRC 15715 (99,33%), dan isolat LM-10 Bacillus megaterium 74 (99,83%).

ENGLISH:

Selenium is an element with an atomic number of 34 with a relative atomic mass of 78.96, which has semi-metal and also it is needed by living things. At high levels of selenium, it has toxicity, besides that selenium has the ability to accumulate it, so that it is likely to threaten human health. Selenium will have an effect on kidney, liver, hair loss and central nervous system damage. Selenium contamination needs to be handled to reduce toxicity. Therefore, bacteria are used as bioremediation agents for selenium contamination. The research tries to determine the resistance ability of bacterial isolates from the collection of microbiological laboratories to the selenate. The bacterial isolates used ten isolates from the collection of the Microbiology Laboratory at the State Islamic University of Maulana Malik Ibrahim of Malang. The media used NA which was added with sodium selenate (Na2SeO4) with a concentration of 0; 2.5; 5, and 10 mM. The methods were: making NA media, preparation of bacterial isolates, selenate resistance test, direct PCR, DNA quality testing, and sequencing. Bacterial isolates that have the ability to resist selenate were analyzed molecularly based on the 16S rRNA gene. Based on the selenate resistance test, founded 4 bacterial isolates that had the ability to resist selenate were isolates LM-1, LM-3, LM-5, and LM-10. Based on the molecular analysis of the 16S rRNA gene, it was found that LM-1 isolates were similar to Bacillus megaterium ATCC 14581, i.e. (99.33%), isolates of LM-3 of Bacillus megaterium Y108-01 were (99.66%), isolates of LM-5 of Bacillus megaterium NBRC 15715 were (99.33%), and isolates of LM-10 of Bacillus megaterium 74 were (99.83%).